Acute Erythroid Leukemia (M6): Outcome of Bone Marrow Transplantation

• Published in: Leukemia & lymphoma 1999-09, Vol.35 (1-2), p.99-107
• Main Authors: Killick, S., Matutes, E., Powles, R. L., Min, T., Treleaven, J. G., Rege, K. P., Atra, A., Catovsky, D.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Child; Child, Preschool; Crytholeukemia; Demography; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Karyotyping; Laboratories; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute - mortality; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute - therapy; Middle Aged; Remission Induction - methods; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1042-8194; 1029-2403
• DOI: 10.3109/10428199909145709

Erythroid leukemia is an uncommon form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) which has previously been associated with a poor prognosis. We present the outcome of 27 patients with AML-M6 (19 de novo and 8 secondary) treated with intensive regimens including bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In the de novo group, median age was 30 years (2-72); 5 cases were under 15 years. Remission rate after induction chemotherapy was 95%. Consolidation in those achieving remission with BMT was 82%. Transplant related mortality was 36%. Median survival for de novo M6 was 2.9 years which was not significantly different to matched controls with AML (non M6). Overall relapse rate was 35%. In contrast, patients with secondruy disease had a poor prognosis with lower remission rates (57%) and higher relapse rates (75% of those achieving remission after induction chemotherapy). In our series, the prognosis of patients with AML-M6 was most closely related to age and disease status at presentation (de novo or secondary). The disease is sensitive to AML induction regimens and long-term survival can be achieved with BMT in first complete remission.