Throwing-related injuries of the subscapularis in professional baseball players

Objective To describe the MR appearance of a series of throwing-related injuries to the subscapularis muscle-tendon complex among baseball players. Materials and methods A retrospective review of MR scans of the shoulder in players from 1 professional baseball organization over the course of 5 years...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Skeletal radiology 2016-01, Vol.45 (1), p.41-47
Main Authors: Polster, Joshua M., Lynch, T. Sean, Bullen, Jennifer A., Soloff, Lonnie, Ilaslan, Hakan, Subhas, Naveen, Schickendantz, Mark S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Arm Injuries - pathology
Athletic Injuries - pathology
Baseball (Professional)
Baseball - injuries
Baseball players
Comparative analysis
Female
Humans
Imaging
Longitudinal Studies
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Medical records
Medical research
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Medicine, Experimental
Muscle, Skeletal - injuries
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Nuclear Medicine
Orthopedics
Pathology
Radiology
Retrospective Studies
Risk factors
Scientific Article
Shoulder Joint - injuries
Shoulder Joint - pathology
Sports associations
Sports injuries
Tendon Injuries - pathology
Young Adult
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Summary:Objective To describe the MR appearance of a series of throwing-related injuries to the subscapularis muscle-tendon complex among baseball players. Materials and methods A retrospective review of MR scans of the shoulder in players from 1 professional baseball organization over the course of 5 years was performed to identify cases with findings suggestive of subscapularis injury. These findings were graded and the medical record was reviewed to assess clinical findings, treatment, and follow-up. Preinjury baseline measurements of arm external rotation at 90° of abduction were compared to measurements from a noninjured cohort to evaluate whether this measure is a risk factor for injury. Results A total of 133 MR scans of the shoulder were evaluated. Eleven of the scans demonstrated signal changes suggesting subscapularis injury; 10 of these 11 patients had clinical findings supporting a diagnosis of throwing-related subscapularis strain. There were four grade 1, four grade 2, and two grade 3 injuries. All injuries occurred in the inferior half of the subscapularis at the myotendinous junction. Risk of subscapularis injury increased with lower levels of dominant arm external rotation (odds ratio, 1.12; 95 % CI, 1.07–1.21; p  
ISSN:0364-2348
1432-2161
DOI:10.1007/s00256-015-2239-9