Electroadsorption-Assisted Direct Determination of Trace Arsenic without Interference Using Transmission X‑ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

An analytical technique based on electroadsorption and transmission X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for the quantitative determination of arsenic in aqueous solution with ppb-level limits of detection (LOD) is proposed. The approach uses electroadsorption to enhance the sensitivity and LOD of the arsenic X...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2015-08, Vol.87 (16), p.8503-8509
Main Authors: Jiang, Tian-Jia, Guo, Zheng, Liu, Jin-Huai, Huang, Xing-Jiu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Amination
Analytical chemistry
Arsenic
Arsenic - analysis
Carbon - chemistry
Electrodes
Fresh Water - analysis
Guidelines
Ions
Limit of Detection
Metal ions
Metals - chemistry
Microspheres
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - instrumentation
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - methods
Spectrum analysis
Surface chemistry
Symbols
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
X-ray fluorescence
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Summary:An analytical technique based on electroadsorption and transmission X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for the quantitative determination of arsenic in aqueous solution with ppb-level limits of detection (LOD) is proposed. The approach uses electroadsorption to enhance the sensitivity and LOD of the arsenic XRF response. Amine-functionalized carbonaceous microspheres (NH2–CMSs) are found to be the ideal materials for both the quantitative adsorption of arsenic and XRF analysis due to the basic amine sites on the surface and their noninterference in the XRF spectrum. In electroadsorptive X-ray fluorescence (EA-XRF), arsenic is preconcentrated by a conventional three-electrode system with a positive electricity field around the adsorbents. Then, the quantification of arsenic on the adsorbents is achieved using XRF. The electroadsorption preconcentration can realize the fast transfer of arsenic from the solution to the adsorbents and improve the LOD of conventional XRF compared with directly determining arsenic solution by XRF alone. The sensitivity of 0.09 cnt ppb–1 is obtained without the interferences from coexisted metal ions in the determination of arsenic, and the LOD is found to be 7 ppb, which is lower than the arsenic guideline value of 10 ppb given by the World Health Organization (WHO). These results demonstrated that XRF coupled with electroadsorption was able to determine trace arsenic in real water sample.
ISSN:0003-2700
1520-6882
DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01957