Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties: Is there a link?

• Published in: The International journal of risk & safety in medicine 2015, Vol.27 (1_suppl), p.S67-S68
• Main Authors: Valeeva, I.Kh, Titarenko, A.F., Khaziakhmetova, V.N., Ziganshina, L.E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0924-6479; 1878-6847
• DOI: 10.3233/JRS-150693

BACKGROUND: It is believed that the anti-inflammatory activity of medicines is closely related to their antioxidant activity. However, in clinical practice rigorous evidence-based medicine approach fails to reveal important effects of antioxidants on patient important outcomes in inflammatory disorders, as has been shown by a number of Cochrane reviews [1–3]. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of newly developed pharmacological agents: dimephosphone and its structural analogues ephorane and mephoprane, and xymedon, in comparison with prednisolone and etidronate in experimental animal model of adjuvant arthritis. METHODS: Experiments were conducted in 64 white mongrel rats of both sexes weighing 180–200 g, which were divided into 8 groups 8 rats each (4 males and 4 females each), kept under standard vivarium conditions with certified feeding ration (kombikorm). The study was approved by the local ethics committee. We induced adjuvant arthritis by administration under the plantar aponeurosis of the left hind paw of 0.1 ml of Freund’s adjuvant (Sigma) in rats of 7 study groups. The groups were as follows: 1st group - intact animals (control); 2nd group – animals to whom the solvent (distilled water) was administered with intra-gastric tube in corresponding volume (control of the model); 3rd – 8th study groups, in which animals were administered with study agents each at a dose of 1 mmol/kg body weight: dimephosphone, ephorane, mephoprane, xymedon, etindronate and prednisolone. The intensity of the modeled arthritis was determined by measurements of paw volumes with plethysmometer (UgoBasile). We calculated the difference in rat paw volume before the administration (baseline) and after administration of Freund’s adjuvant at 3, 7, 11, 15, 20, 27, 31, 38, 41 days. The development of secondary arthritis was documented by the increase in volume of both hind and fore paws and tails. On the 41st day of the experiment the animals were sacrificed under light ether anesthesia and exsanguinated. The blood was used to determine the activity of catalase and peroxidase, the content of the total, reduced and oxidized glutathione, the level of ceruloplasmin, conjugated dienes of unsaturated fatty acids (DC), TBA-interacting products (MDA), and the total antioxidant activity of serum (AOA). The results were processed statistically using the Student’s t-test. RESULTS: The primary reaction to the Freund’s adjuvant in a form of swelling of the ankle