Practical considerations in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography systems (LCxLC) with reversed-phases in both dimensions

Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (online LCxLC) presents high peak capacity compared with one-dimensional liquid chromatography, and reasonable operation time compared with an offline or stop-flow mode. Among various combinations, coupling of two reversed-phase (RPxRP) colu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2015-01, Vol.407 (1), p.153-167
Main Authors: Li, Duxin, Jakob, Cornelia, Schmitz, Oliver
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical Chemistry
Biochemistry
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Comparative analysis
Correlation
Food Science
Joining
Laboratory Medicine
Liquid chromatography
Mathematical analysis
Methods
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Multidimensional Chromatography
Obstacles
Online
Review
Separation
Two dimensional
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Summary:Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (online LCxLC) presents high peak capacity compared with one-dimensional liquid chromatography, and reasonable operation time compared with an offline or stop-flow mode. Among various combinations, coupling of two reversed-phase (RPxRP) columns generates a high peak capacity product rate. Its wide applicability made RPxRP a promising technique in separation of complex samples. This review discusses the practical considerations in development and application of an RPxRP system, including systematic investigation of column stationary phase chemistry, column combinations, mobile phase system, interface, gradient types, and achieving fast analysis in LCxLC. In addition, many efforts are given to methods that increase the fraction coverage because this is the main obstacle caused by the correlated separation mechanism in RPxRP. Graphical Abstract Gradient profiles in LCxLC
ISSN:1618-2642
1618-2650
DOI:10.1007/s00216-014-8179-8