Detection of Mutants in Polio Vaccine Viruses Using Pooled Antipoliovirus Monoclonal Antibodies

• Published in: Biologicals 1999-09, Vol.27 (3), p.217-226
• Main Authors: Horie, Hitoshi, Sato-Miyazawa, Miwako, Ota, Yoshihiro, Wakabayashi, Kengo, Doi, Tsugumi, Yoshizawa, Kuniko, Doi, Yutaka, Hashizume, So
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Viral; Cross Reactions; Drug Industry - methods; Lethal Dose 50; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nervous System - virology; Neutralization Tests; Paralysis; Poliovirus - genetics; Poliovirus - immunology; Poliovirus - pathogenicity; Poliovirus 1; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - adverse effects; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - genetics; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - immunology; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - pharmacology; Serial Passage; Virulence; Virus Cultivation
• ISSN: 1045-1056; 1095-8320
• DOI: 10.1006/biol.1999.0211

We prepared six monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for type 1 polioviruses, and analysed their neutralizing specificities for use in safety tests in oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) production. Pools of two or more individual mAbs showed high neutralizing activity against high-titre (approximately 107CCID50/25μl) of Sabin type 1 virus. It was demonstrated that the pooled mAbs can be utilized effectively in detection tests of adventitious viruses, which are among the safety tests in OPV production. Moreover, some pooled mAbs were shown to be capable of detecting very small amounts of type 1 virulent viruses and mutants in high-titre Sabin type 1 virus suspensions. Neutralizing antibody titres of these pooled mAbs decreased with increasing numbers of mutants containing neurovirulent activity in high-titre Sabin type 1 viruses which were repeatedly passaged in culture. It is expected that these pooled mAbs will contribute greatly to safety tests for OPV production.