A review of the physical and metabolic effects of cross-sex hormonal therapy in the treatment of gender dysphoria

This review focuses on the effect that cross-gender sex steroid therapy has on metabolic and hormonal parameters. There is an emphasis on those changes that result in significant clinical effects such as the positive effects of the development of secondary sexual characteristics and negative effects...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 2016-01, Vol.53 (1), p.10-20
Main Author: Seal, Leighton J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Gender Dysphoria - drug therapy
Gender Dysphoria - metabolism
Gender Dysphoria - physiopathology
Hormone Replacement Therapy - adverse effects
Hormone Replacement Therapy - methods
Humans
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Summary:This review focuses on the effect that cross-gender sex steroid therapy has on metabolic and hormonal parameters. There is an emphasis on those changes that result in significant clinical effects such as the positive effects of the development of secondary sexual characteristics and negative effects such as haemostatic effects and thromboembolism in transwomen or dyslipidaemia in transmen. There is also a description of the current hormonal regimens used at the largest UK gender identity clinic. The overall safety of these treatments in the context of long-term outcome data is reviewed.
ISSN:0004-5632
1758-1001
DOI:10.1177/0004563215587763