ZnO nanoparticles induced inflammatory response and genotoxicity in human blood cells: A mechanistic approach

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology 2015-11, Vol.85, p.61-70
• Main Authors: Senapati, Violet Aileen, Kumar, Ashutosh, Gupta, Govind Sharan, Pandey, Alok Kumar, Dhawan, Alok
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorption, Physiological; Biomarkers - chemistry; Biomarkers - metabolism; Cell Line; Cellular uptake; Cytokines; DNA Damage; Glutathione - antagonists & inhibitors; Glutathione - metabolism; Humans; Immunologic Factors - chemistry; Immunologic Factors - toxicity; Immunotoxicity; Interleukin-1beta - agonists; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects; Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity; Metal Nanoparticles - ultrastructure; Monocytes - drug effects; Monocytes - immunology; Monocytes - metabolism; Monocytes - ultrastructure; Mutagens - chemistry; Mutagens - toxicity; Nitric Oxide - agonists; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Particle Size; Reactive Oxygen Species - agonists; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Surface Properties; Toxicity Tests; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - agonists; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism; Zinc Oxide - chemistry; Zinc Oxide - toxicity; Zinc oxide nanoparticles
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.06.018

The wide application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in cosmetics, paints, biosensors, drug delivery, food packaging and as anticancerous agents has increased the risk of human exposure to these NPs. Earlier in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated a cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of ZnO NPs. However, there is paucity of data regarding their immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the immunotoxic potential of ZnO NPs using human monocytic cell line (THP-1) as model to understand the underlying molecular mechanism. A significant (p