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Preliminary techno-economics assessment of developed desalination/salt recovery facility based on membrane and thermal techniques
Successful management of desalination plants should incorporate integrated processing of seawater feed and brines. An integrated 20,000 m3/d zero desalination discharge (ZDD) facility, merging desalination and salt recovery, has been developed incorporating both membrane and thermal processes. Chemi...
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Published in: | Desalination and water treatment 2015-08, Vol.55 (9), p.2416-2422 |
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description | Successful management of desalination plants should incorporate integrated processing of seawater feed and brines. An integrated 20,000 m3/d zero desalination discharge (ZDD) facility, merging desalination and salt recovery, has been developed incorporating both membrane and thermal processes. Chemically pretreated seawater has been directed to nanofiltration (NF) separator for almost complete removal of divalent salts. NF brine loaded with magnesium has received further concentration by multiple effect evaporator and the reject obtained from reverse osmosis (RO) processing of NF permeate has been further directed to state-of-the-art ion selective electrodialysis (ED) to enable downstream production of magnesium and sodium salts. The material balance of the developed integrated desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility enabled total water recovery of about 70%. The average product salinity after mixing approached 74 mg/l. The total amount of recovered raw magnesium, calcium and sodium chloride salts were 215, 47 and 754 ton/year, respectively. The financial indicators revealed that the total capital and annual operating and maintenance costs (O&M) as well as unit cost were 99.5 M$, 13 M$/year and 2.48 $/m3, respectively. The total annual revenues of water and chemicals approached 27.5 M$/year. Thus, the initial net profit was about 11.1 M$/year. About 0.98 $/m3 could be realized via selling of recovered salts. These results confirm the promising features of the developed desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility. It is worth mentioning that with different possible financial risk factors, such as market fluctuations and taxes, the net profit would decrease to approach 7.7 M$/year and 3.1 M$/year, respectively. |
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An integrated 20,000 m3/d zero desalination discharge (ZDD) facility, merging desalination and salt recovery, has been developed incorporating both membrane and thermal processes. Chemically pretreated seawater has been directed to nanofiltration (NF) separator for almost complete removal of divalent salts. NF brine loaded with magnesium has received further concentration by multiple effect evaporator and the reject obtained from reverse osmosis (RO) processing of NF permeate has been further directed to state-of-the-art ion selective electrodialysis (ED) to enable downstream production of magnesium and sodium salts. The material balance of the developed integrated desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility enabled total water recovery of about 70%. The average product salinity after mixing approached 74 mg/l. The total amount of recovered raw magnesium, calcium and sodium chloride salts were 215, 47 and 754 ton/year, respectively. The financial indicators revealed that the total capital and annual operating and maintenance costs (O&M) as well as unit cost were 99.5 M$, 13 M$/year and 2.48 $/m3, respectively. The total annual revenues of water and chemicals approached 27.5 M$/year. Thus, the initial net profit was about 11.1 M$/year. About 0.98 $/m3 could be realized via selling of recovered salts. These results confirm the promising features of the developed desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility. It is worth mentioning that with different possible financial risk factors, such as market fluctuations and taxes, the net profit would decrease to approach 7.7 M$/year and 3.1 M$/year, respectively.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1944-3986</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1944-3994</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-3986</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2014.947775</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Abingdon: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Brines ; Desalination ; Desalination plants ; Electrodialysis ; Freshwater ; Magnesium ; Maintenance costs ; Markets ; Material balance ; Membrane ; Membranes ; Nanofiltration ; Nanotechnology ; Operating costs ; Recovery ; Revenues ; Reverse osmosis ; Risk factors ; Salt ; Salt recovery ; Salts ; Sea water ; Seawater ; Sodium chloride ; Taxation ; Techno-economics ; Thermal</subject><ispartof>Desalination and water treatment, 2015-08, Vol.55 (9), p.2416-2422</ispartof><rights>2014 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2014 Balaban Desalination Publications. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-96312430683e65fe77ff8c8061b44963dc00c279891818787996aea3661d9db73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-96312430683e65fe77ff8c8061b44963dc00c279891818787996aea3661d9db73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398624050112$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3549,27924,27925,45780</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sorour, Mohamed H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hani, Heba A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shaalan, Hayam F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Bazedi, Ghada A.</creatorcontrib><title>Preliminary techno-economics assessment of developed desalination/salt recovery facility based on membrane and thermal techniques</title><title>Desalination and water treatment</title><description>Successful management of desalination plants should incorporate integrated processing of seawater feed and brines. An integrated 20,000 m3/d zero desalination discharge (ZDD) facility, merging desalination and salt recovery, has been developed incorporating both membrane and thermal processes. Chemically pretreated seawater has been directed to nanofiltration (NF) separator for almost complete removal of divalent salts. NF brine loaded with magnesium has received further concentration by multiple effect evaporator and the reject obtained from reverse osmosis (RO) processing of NF permeate has been further directed to state-of-the-art ion selective electrodialysis (ED) to enable downstream production of magnesium and sodium salts. The material balance of the developed integrated desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility enabled total water recovery of about 70%. The average product salinity after mixing approached 74 mg/l. The total amount of recovered raw magnesium, calcium and sodium chloride salts were 215, 47 and 754 ton/year, respectively. The financial indicators revealed that the total capital and annual operating and maintenance costs (O&M) as well as unit cost were 99.5 M$, 13 M$/year and 2.48 $/m3, respectively. The total annual revenues of water and chemicals approached 27.5 M$/year. Thus, the initial net profit was about 11.1 M$/year. About 0.98 $/m3 could be realized via selling of recovered salts. These results confirm the promising features of the developed desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility. It is worth mentioning that with different possible financial risk factors, such as market fluctuations and taxes, the net profit would decrease to approach 7.7 M$/year and 3.1 M$/year, respectively.</description><subject>Brines</subject><subject>Desalination</subject><subject>Desalination plants</subject><subject>Electrodialysis</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Maintenance costs</subject><subject>Markets</subject><subject>Material balance</subject><subject>Membrane</subject><subject>Membranes</subject><subject>Nanofiltration</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>Operating costs</subject><subject>Recovery</subject><subject>Revenues</subject><subject>Reverse osmosis</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Salt</subject><subject>Salt recovery</subject><subject>Salts</subject><subject>Sea water</subject><subject>Seawater</subject><subject>Sodium chloride</subject><subject>Taxation</subject><subject>Techno-economics</subject><subject>Thermal</subject><issn>1944-3986</issn><issn>1944-3994</issn><issn>1944-3986</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkU9LJDEQxRtxYUX9BnsIePHSY9JJ589FENHdBcE97J5DJl2Nke5kTDIDHv3m1tAriAcxlxTJ71Ul7zXND0ZXjGp6wYwQ3Bix6igTKyOUUv1Bc7Q_brnR8vBd_b05LeWR4uqF6kV31Lz8yTCFOUSXn0kF_xBTCz7FNAdfiCsFSpkhVpJGMsAOprSBAaviJtTUkOIFlpVkFO0Ae4zOhynUZ7J2BckUyQzzOrsIxMWB1AfIs5uWUeFpC-Wk-Ta6qcDp__24-Xd78_f6V3t3__P39dVd64WitTWSs05wKjUH2Y-g1Dhqr6lkayHwcvCU-k4ZbZhmWmlljHTguJRsMMNa8ePmfOm7yWk_t9o5FA_ThE9L22KZ6rkwDJ38AsqUMD3lEtGzD-hj2uaIH0GK9qpDViMlFsrnVEqG0W5ymNFyy6jdp2jfUrT7FO2SIsouFxmgL7sA2RYfIHoYAvpd7ZDC5w1eAfC8o5k</recordid><startdate>20150801</startdate><enddate>20150801</enddate><creator>Sorour, Mohamed H.</creator><creator>Hani, Heba A.</creator><creator>Shaalan, Hayam F.</creator><creator>Al-Bazedi, Ghada A.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150801</creationdate><title>Preliminary techno-economics assessment of developed desalination/salt recovery facility based on membrane and thermal techniques</title><author>Sorour, Mohamed H. ; 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An integrated 20,000 m3/d zero desalination discharge (ZDD) facility, merging desalination and salt recovery, has been developed incorporating both membrane and thermal processes. Chemically pretreated seawater has been directed to nanofiltration (NF) separator for almost complete removal of divalent salts. NF brine loaded with magnesium has received further concentration by multiple effect evaporator and the reject obtained from reverse osmosis (RO) processing of NF permeate has been further directed to state-of-the-art ion selective electrodialysis (ED) to enable downstream production of magnesium and sodium salts. The material balance of the developed integrated desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility enabled total water recovery of about 70%. The average product salinity after mixing approached 74 mg/l. The total amount of recovered raw magnesium, calcium and sodium chloride salts were 215, 47 and 754 ton/year, respectively. The financial indicators revealed that the total capital and annual operating and maintenance costs (O&M) as well as unit cost were 99.5 M$, 13 M$/year and 2.48 $/m3, respectively. The total annual revenues of water and chemicals approached 27.5 M$/year. Thus, the initial net profit was about 11.1 M$/year. About 0.98 $/m3 could be realized via selling of recovered salts. These results confirm the promising features of the developed desalination/salt recovery ZDD facility. It is worth mentioning that with different possible financial risk factors, such as market fluctuations and taxes, the net profit would decrease to approach 7.7 M$/year and 3.1 M$/year, respectively.</abstract><cop>Abingdon</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><doi>10.1080/19443994.2014.947775</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Brines Desalination Desalination plants Electrodialysis Freshwater Magnesium Maintenance costs Markets Material balance Membrane Membranes Nanofiltration Nanotechnology Operating costs Recovery Revenues Reverse osmosis Risk factors Salt Salt recovery Salts Sea water Seawater Sodium chloride Taxation Techno-economics Thermal |
title | Preliminary techno-economics assessment of developed desalination/salt recovery facility based on membrane and thermal techniques |
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