Octadecabacter arcticus gen. nov., sp. nov., and O. antarcticus, sp. nov., Nonpigmented, Psychrophilic Gas Vacuolate Bacteria from Polar Sea Ice and Water

Heterotrophic, psychrophilic, gas vacuolate bacteria were recovered from arctic and antarctic sea ice and water. Cellular fatty acid analysis was used to group these isolates. One group herein described as the new genus Octadecabacter, had octadecenoic acid (18 : 1) in excess of 70% of their total f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Systematic and applied microbiology 1997-08, Vol.20 (3), p.356-365
Main Authors: Gosink, J.J., Herwig, R.P., Staley, J.T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Antarctic bacteria
Arctic bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteriology
Biogeography
Biological and medical sciences
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gas vesicles
Marine
Marine bacteria
Microbial ecology
Microbiology
Octabadecabacter antarcticus
Octadecabacter
Octadecabacter antarcticus
Octadecabacter arcticus
octadecenoic acid
Phylogeny
Proteobacteria
Roseobacter
Systematics
Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water)
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Summary:Heterotrophic, psychrophilic, gas vacuolate bacteria were recovered from arctic and antarctic sea ice and water. Cellular fatty acid analysis was used to group these isolates. One group herein described as the new genus Octadecabacter, had octadecenoic acid (18 : 1) in excess of 70% of their total fatty acid content. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA of several strains from this group revealed that they were members of the a Proteobacteria and were most closely related to the genus Roseobacter. Further phenotypic and genotypic tests showed that these strains can be distinguished from Roseobacter on the basis of low levels of DNA/DNA hybridization, lack of bacteriochlorophyll a, and because they are psychrophiles. Octadecabacter gen. nov., contains both a north polar species, O. arcticus sp. nov. str. 238, and a south polar species, O. antarcticus sp. nov. str. 307. This genus may be useful for examining the extent of procaryotic biogeographic dispersal.
ISSN:0723-2020
1618-0984
DOI:10.1016/S0723-2020(97)80003-3