Phytochemical composition, protective and therapeutic effect on gastric ulcer and α-amylase inhibitory activity of Achillea biebersteinii Afan

• Published in: Archives of pharmacal research 2016-01, Vol.39 (1), p.10-20
• Main Authors: Abd-Alla, Howaida I, Shalaby, Nagwa M. M, Hamed, Manal A, El-Rigal, Nagy Saba, Al-Ghamdi, Samira N, Bouajila, Jalloul
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Achillea; Achillea biebersteinii; acidity; aerial parts; alpha-amylase; alpha-Amylases - antagonists & inhibitors; Animals; anti-ulcer activity; Anti-Ulcer Agents - chemistry; Anti-Ulcer Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Ulcer Agents - therapeutic use; Enzyme Inhibitors - chemistry; Enzyme Inhibitors - isolation & purification; Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use; ethyl acetate; flavones; glutathione; histopathology; hyperglycemia; Male; malondialdehyde; Medicine; oxidative stress; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacy; Phytotherapy - methods; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Research Article; sesquiterpenoid lactones; stomach; Stomach Ulcer - drug therapy; Stomach Ulcer - enzymology; Stomach Ulcer - pathology; stomach ulcers; superoxide dismutase; therapeutics
• ISSN: 0253-6269; 1976-3786
• DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0544-9

Three sesquiterpene lactones [two germacranolides (micranthin and sintenin) and one guaianolide (4β,10α-dihydroxy-5β,7β,8βH-guaia-1,11(13)dien-12,8α-olide)] and four derivatives of 3-methoxy flavones (santin, quercetagetin-3,6,3′-trimethyl ether, quercetagetin-3,6-dimethyl ether, and 5,7 dihydroxy 3,3′,4′-trimethoxy flavone) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of the aerial parts of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae). Evaluation of protective and therapeutic effects of EAE against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats was carried. Antiulcer activity evaluation was done through measuring ulcer indices, stomach acidity, gastric volume and lesion counts. Oxidative stress markers; malondialdehyde, glutathione and superoxide dismutase were also estimated. The work was extended to determine the histopathological assessment of the stomach. Gastric ulcer exhibited a significant elevation of the ulcer index and oxidative stress markers. The extract attenuated these increments and recorded protective and therapeutic effects against gastric ulcer. Hyperglycaemia increases the mucosal susceptibility to ulcerogenic stimuli and predisposes gastric ulceration. In vitro α-amylase inhibitory assay was applied to evaluate the post prandial antihyperglycaemia activity. The result showing that the EAE has the ability to reduce starch-induced postprandial glycaemic excursions by virtue of potent intestinal α-amylase inhibitory activity. These findings demonstrated the remarkable potential of A. biebersteinii as valuable source of antiulcer agent with post prandial hyperglycaemia lowering effect.