Strong Enhancement of Light–Matter Interaction in Graphene Coupled to a Photonic Crystal Nanocavity

We demonstrate a large enhancement in the interaction of light with graphene through coupling with localized modes in a photonic crystal nanocavity. Spectroscopic studies show that a single atomic layer of graphene reduces the cavity reflection by more than a factor of one hundred, while also sharpl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nano letters 2012-11, Vol.12 (11), p.5626-5631
Main Authors: Gan, Xuetao, Mak, Kin Fai, Gao, Yuanda, You, Yumeng, Hatami, Fariba, Hone, James, Heinz, Tony F, Englund, Dirk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Exact sciences and technology
Fullerenes and related materials
diamonds, graphite
Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications)
Graphene
Holes
Joining
Light absorption
Materials science
Nanostructure
Optical materials
Optical properties and condensed-matter spectroscopy and other interactions of matter with particles and radiation
Optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials and structures
Optics
Photonic bandgap materials
Photonic crystals
Physics
Quality factor
Reflection
Refractive index
Specific materials
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Summary:We demonstrate a large enhancement in the interaction of light with graphene through coupling with localized modes in a photonic crystal nanocavity. Spectroscopic studies show that a single atomic layer of graphene reduces the cavity reflection by more than a factor of one hundred, while also sharply reducing the cavity quality factor. The strong interaction allows for cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy on subwavelength regions of a graphene sample. A coupled-mode theory model matches experimental observations and indicates significantly increased light absorption in the graphene layer. The coupled graphene–cavity system also enables precise measurements of graphene’s complex refractive index.
ISSN:1530-6984
1530-6992
DOI:10.1021/nl302746n