Vacuum-annealing-tailored robust and flexible nanopore-structured gamma -Fe sub(2)O sub(3) film anodes for high capacity and long life Na-ion batteries

Relatively high cost and limited resources are limiting the broad applications of Li-ion batteries. Na-ion batteries are one of the most promising replacement candidates because of abundant sodium resources, low price and similarity with Li insertion chemistry. For the first time, gamma -Fe sub(2)O...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RSC advances 2014-08, Vol.4 (69), p.36815-36820
Main Authors: Sun, Bai, Bao, Shu Juan, Le Xie, Jia, Li, Chang Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Annealing
Anodes
Constraining
Copper
Lithium batteries
Rechargeable batteries
Similarity
Sodium
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Summary:Relatively high cost and limited resources are limiting the broad applications of Li-ion batteries. Na-ion batteries are one of the most promising replacement candidates because of abundant sodium resources, low price and similarity with Li insertion chemistry. For the first time, gamma -Fe sub(2)O sub(3) film was grown directly on a copper sheet with radio frequency magnetron sputtering as an anode for Na-ion batteries. Results show that the gamma -Fe sub(2)O sub(3) film annealed at 600 degree C delivers a high reversible capacity of 450 mA h g super(-1) and nearly 100% capacity retention over 100 charge-discharge cycles, significantly outperforming all the previously reported examples. It is believed that the high performance of the Na-ion anode can be attributed to high temperature annealing producing nanopores for a large ion-inserting surface area and uniform gamma -Fe sub(2)O sub(3) particles firmly loaded on the surface of the Cu substrate to robustly retain the film structure during the Na-ion intercalation process for long cycle life. This work holds great promise for the fabrication of inexpensive and non-toxic Na-ion batteries for practical applications.
ISSN:2046-2069
DOI:10.1039/c4ra04686b