Civil liability, criminal law, and other policies and alcohol-related motor vehicle fatalities in the United States: 1984–1995

This study examines the associations between alcohol policies and motor vehicle fatality rates from 1984 to 1995 in the United States. State policies and state characteristics variables were merged with motor vehicle fatality rates over an 11 year period and analyzed using minimum logit chi-square m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Accident analysis and prevention 2000-11, Vol.32 (6), p.723-733
Main Authors: Whetten-Goldstein, Kathryn, Sloan, Frank A, Stout, Emily, Liang, Lan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accidents, Traffic - legislation & jurisprudence
Accidents, Traffic - mortality
Adult
Alcohol
Alcoholic Intoxication
Child
Criminal Law - legislation & jurisprudence
Dram shop
Humans
Liability, Legal
Minors
Regulation
traffic safety
United States
USA
Vehicle fatalities
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Summary:This study examines the associations between alcohol policies and motor vehicle fatality rates from 1984 to 1995 in the United States. State policies and state characteristics variables were merged with motor vehicle fatality rates over an 11 year period and analyzed using minimum logit chi-square method and fixed effects to create a quasi time-series analysis. Laws allowing individuals to sue bars for the drunken behavior of their patrons were the policies most strongly associated with lower minor and adult fatality rates. The mandatory first offense fine was associated with lower minor fatality rates but not adult fatality rates, while minor and adult rates fell after administrative per se license suspension and anti-consumption laws for all vehicle occupants. Many other public policies evaluated were not associated with lower fatality rates.
ISSN:0001-4575
1879-2057
DOI:10.1016/S0001-4575(99)00122-0