False-Positive 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging: Dramatic “Flare Response” After Rituximab Administration

ABSTRACTWe report the case of a 45-year-old woman diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Six months after completion of R-CHOP, she relapsed, and 2 cycles of R-ESHAP were given, with a view to allograft transplant. One month later, F-FDG PET/CT revealed disease progression. Biopsy of lymph nodes showe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical nuclear medicine 2016-03, Vol.41 (3), p.e171-e172
Main Authors: Skoura, Evangelia, Ardeshna, Kirit, Halsey, Richard, Wan, Simon, Kayani, Irfan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage
Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects
Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
Cisplatin
Cytarabine
Etoposide
False Positive Reactions
Female
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
Humans
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - diagnostic imaging
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - drug therapy
Methylprednisolone
Middle Aged
Multimodal Imaging
Positron-Emission Tomography
Radiopharmaceuticals
Rituximab - administration & dosage
Rituximab - adverse effects
Rituximab - therapeutic use
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Citations: Items that this one cites
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Summary:ABSTRACTWe report the case of a 45-year-old woman diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Six months after completion of R-CHOP, she relapsed, and 2 cycles of R-ESHAP were given, with a view to allograft transplant. One month later, F-FDG PET/CT revealed disease progression. Biopsy of lymph nodes showed reactive changes, without evidence of lymphoma. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody, is used for treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but its addition may result in an extensive inflammatory response. It is important to be aware of the potential for false-positive F-FDG PET/CT imaging after rituximab therapy. Unexpected findings should be confirmed by biopsy.
ISSN:0363-9762
1536-0229
DOI:10.1097/RLU.0000000000001083