Intentional and incidental encoding of item and associative information in the directed forgetting procedure

The intentional and incidental encoding of individual words and associations between pairs of words was examined using the item-based directed forgetting procedure. Item and associative recognition were both greater for word pairs followed by a remember (R) cue than a forget (F) cue. Associative dis...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Memory & cognition 2016-02, Vol.44 (2), p.220-228
Main Authors: Hockley, William E., Ahmad, Fahad N., Nicholson, Rosemary
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Association
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Discrimination
Experiments
Humans
Intention
Memory
Mental Recall - physiology
Older people
Psychology
Recognition (Psychology) - physiology
Young Adult
Young adults
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The intentional and incidental encoding of individual words and associations between pairs of words was examined using the item-based directed forgetting procedure. Item and associative recognition were both greater for word pairs followed by a remember (R) cue than a forget (F) cue. Associative discrimination for F-cued pairs was above chance in most conditions, demonstrating that relational informational is encoded incidentally. Item, but not associative, discrimination increased with longer presentation time prior to the cue, indicating that the encoding of item information benefited from maintenance rehearsal but the encoding of relational information did not (Experiments 1 A and 1 B). The incidental encoding of associations was, though, greater for pairs of words with pre-experimental associations (e.g., needle point), but these pre-experimental associations did not improve memory for pairs that participants tried to remember (Experiment 2 ). This pattern of results for R- and F-cued pairs mimicked the age-related associative deficit observed by Ahmad, Fernandes, and Hockley ( Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 22 , 452–472 2015 ) in comparisons of associative memory between young and older adults.
ISSN:0090-502X
1532-5946
DOI:10.3758/s13421-015-0557-8