A Unique Plasmodium falciparum K13 Gene Mutation in Northwest Ethiopia

Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is the first line to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria worldwide. Artemisinin treatment failures are on the rise in southeast Asia. Delayed parasite clearance after ACT is associated with mutations of the P. falciparum kelch 13 gene. Patients (N...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2016-01, Vol.94 (1), p.132-135
Main Authors: Bayih, Abebe Genetu, Getnet, Gebeyaw, Alemu, Abebe, Getie, Sisay, Mohon, Abu Naser, Pillai, Dylan R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Antimalarials - pharmacology
Antimalarials - therapeutic use
Artemisinins - pharmacology
Artemisinins - therapeutic use
Child
Child, Preschool
Drug Combinations
Drug Resistance - genetics
Ethanolamines - pharmacology
Ethanolamines - therapeutic use
Fluorenes - pharmacology
Fluorenes - therapeutic use
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Infant
Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Middle Aged
Mutation
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum - drug effects
Plasmodium falciparum - genetics
Protozoan Proteins - genetics
Protozoan Proteins - metabolism
Young Adult
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Summary:Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is the first line to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria worldwide. Artemisinin treatment failures are on the rise in southeast Asia. Delayed parasite clearance after ACT is associated with mutations of the P. falciparum kelch 13 gene. Patients (N = 148) in five districts of northwest Ethiopia were enrolled in a 28-day ACT trial. We identified a unique kelch 13 mutation (R622I) in 3/125 (2.4%) samples. The three isolates with R622I were from Negade-Bahir and Aykel districts close to the Ethiopia-Sudan border. One of three patients with the mutant strain was parasitemic at day 3; however, all patients cleared parasites by day 28. Correlation between kelch 13 mutations and parasite clearance was not possible due to the low frequency of mutations in this study.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0477