Comparison of the Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan Oligosaccharides (COS) and EDTA against Fusarium fujikuroi Causing Rice Bakanae Disease

Bakanae disease is a destructive rice disease in South Korea caused by Fusarium fujikuroi infection. Chemical fungicides have been used to manage the disease, but the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains has gradually increased. Two chelating agents, chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and ethylened...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current microbiology 2016-04, Vol.72 (4), p.496-502
Main Authors: Kim, Seung Won, Park, Jae Kweon, Lee, Cho Heun, Hahn, Bum-Soo, Koo, Ja Choon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology
Antimicrobial agents
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Chelating agents
Chitosan - pharmacology
Comparative studies
Edetic Acid - pharmacology
Fungi
Fungicides
Fusarium - drug effects
Letter to the Editor
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Oryza - microbiology
Plant diseases
Plant Diseases - microbiology
Plant Diseases - therapy
Rice
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Summary:Bakanae disease is a destructive rice disease in South Korea caused by Fusarium fujikuroi infection. Chemical fungicides have been used to manage the disease, but the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains has gradually increased. Two chelating agents, chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and ethylenediaminetetraacetatic acid (EDTA), are well known as biosafe and biocompatible antimicrobial agents. In this study, we compared the actions of COS and EDTA to gain a better understanding of the underlying antimicrobial activities and to evaluate them as eco-friendly fungicides against F. fujikuroi. While COS exhibited a rapid fungicidal effect on hyphal growing cells within 5 min, EDTA had a fungistatic effect on reversible growth inhibition. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that COS treatment resulted in pore-formation and cellular leakage along the growing hyphae, whereas EDTA caused no significant morphological changes. COS activity was greatly suppressed by the addition of Ca²⁺ to the medium, and EDTA action was largely suppressed by Mn²⁺ and slightly by Ca²⁺, respectively. Taken together, these results indicated that two chelating agents, COS and EDTA, have different modes of antimicrobial action on F. fujikuroi. Thus, the combination of chelating agents having different modes of action might be an effective disease management strategy to prevent or delay the development of fungicide-resistant strains.
ISSN:0343-8651
1432-0991
DOI:10.1007/s00284-015-0973-9