Distinct and common aspects of physical and psychological self-representation in the brain: A meta-analysis of self-bias in facial and self-referential judgements

• Published in: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 2016-02, Vol.61, p.197-207
• Main Authors: Hu, Chuanpeng, Di, Xin, Eickhoff, Simon B, Zhang, Mingjun, Peng, Kaiping, Guo, Hua, Sui, Jie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Brain - physiology; Brain Mapping; Humans; Judgment - physiology; Likelihood Functions; Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology; Self Concept
• ISSN: 0149-7634; 1873-7528
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.12.003

The neural representation of self is a fundamental question for brain research. Employing activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses, we assessed the commonalities and distinctions between different components of the self by focusing on the 'physical' self and the 'psychological' self --assessed respectively through face processing and self-referential tasks. We first conducted ALE meta-analyses by computing the convergence of findings on brain activation in self-face recognition and self-referential studies respectively. Contrast and conjunction analyses of these two meta-analytic results were then applied to extract the distinctions and commonalities in self-face and self-reference tasks. Facial self processing was particularly associated with lateral brain regions with a right hemispheric dominance, while processing psychological self predominantly activated cortical midline structures, more specifically the anterior cingulate cortex/superior frontal cortex. In contrast, the conjunction analyses showed that the two aspects of self-processing recruit the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and the left inferior frontal gyrus extending to the insula. A framework including both distinct and common neural representation of selfs is discussed.