PMC-12, a Prescription of Traditional Korean Medicine, Improves Amyloid [beta] -Induced Cognitive Deficits through Modulation of Neuroinflammation

PMC-12 is a prescription used in traditional Korean medicine that consists of a mixture of four herbal medicines, Polygonum multiflorum, Rehmannia glutinosa, Polygala tenuifolia, and Acorus gramineus, which have been reported to have various pharmacological effects on age-related neurological diseas...

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Published in:Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2015-01, Vol.2015
Main Authors: Min Young Park, Jung, Yeon Suk, Park, Jung Hwa, Choi, Young Whan, Lee, Jaewon, Kim, Cheol Min, Baek, Jin Ung, Choi, Byung Tae, Shin, Hwa Kyoung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Animal cognition
Brain research
Cognitive ability
Colleges & universities
Herbal medicine
Medicine
Membrane filters
Memory
Nitric oxide
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Pathogenesis
Polygala
Polygonum multiflorum
Rehmannia glutinosa
Rodents
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Summary:PMC-12 is a prescription used in traditional Korean medicine that consists of a mixture of four herbal medicines, Polygonum multiflorum, Rehmannia glutinosa, Polygala tenuifolia, and Acorus gramineus, which have been reported to have various pharmacological effects on age-related neurological diseases. In the present study, we investigated whether PMC-12 improves cognitive deficits associated with decreased neuroinflammation in an amyloid-β-(Aβ-) induced mouse model and exerts the antineuroinflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-) stimulated murine BV2 microglia. Intracerebroventricular injection of [subscript] A β 25 - 35 [/subscript] in mice resulted in impairment in learning and spatial memory, whereas this was reversed by oral administration of PMC-12 (100 and 500 mg/kg/day) in dose-dependent manners. Moreover, PMC-12 reduced the increase of Aβ expression and activation of microglia and astrocytes in the [subscript] A β 25 - 35 [/subscript] -injected brain. Furthermore, quantitative PCR data showed that inflammatory mediators were significantly decreased by administration of PMC-12 in Aβ-injected brains. Consistent with the in vivo data, PMC-12 significantly reduced the inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells without cell toxicity. Moreover, PMC-12 exhibited anti-inflammatory properties via downregulation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK pathways. These findings suggest that the protective effects of PMC-12 may be mediated by its antineuroinflammatory activities, resulting in the attenuation of memory impairment; accordingly, PMC-12 may be useful in the prevention and treatment of AD.
ISSN:1741-427X
1741-4288
DOI:10.1155/2015/768049