Ammonium polyphosphate-based nanocoating for melamine foam towards high flame retardancy and anti-shrinkage in fire

In order to realize a more effective and environmentally friendly flame-retardant treatment for melamine foam, which is expected to be used as highly flame-retardant cellular polymeric materials for building and construction, a novel intumescent flame-retardant nanocoating, comprised of positively c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymer (Guilford) 2015-06, Vol.66, p.86-93
Main Authors: Yang, Jun-Chi, Cao, Zhi-Jie, Wang, Yu-Zhong, Schiraldi, David A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Charging
Coating
Construction materials
Deposition
Flame retardance
Foams
Melamine
Melamine foam
Nanostructure
Plastic foam
Self-assembly
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Summary:In order to realize a more effective and environmentally friendly flame-retardant treatment for melamine foam, which is expected to be used as highly flame-retardant cellular polymeric materials for building and construction, a novel intumescent flame-retardant nanocoating, comprised of positively charged chitosan (CH) and negatively charged ammonium polyphosphate (APP), is deposited on high open-cell ratio melamine foam using layer-by-layer assembly. SEM images indicate that the bilayer CH-APP nanocoating is deposited on the surface of melamine foam successfully. The LOI value of foam coated with two-bilayer CH-APP is 47.0%, while that of pure melamine foam is 34.5%. Cone calorimetry shows the foam coated with two bilayers of CH-APP to possess excellent self-extinguishing property, and remarkably prevents the foam from shrinking, as a result of the expanded carbonized layer. The peak heat release rate and the total heat release of foam coated with two bilayers of CH-APP are decreased by 87% and 77%, respectively, with only 1.6 wt% of phosphorus incorporation. This CH-APP nanocoating deposited on melamine foam is unique because it needs only two bilayers to be applied, is composed of water-borne, environmentally-benign components, and can prevent ignition and shrinkage of melamine foam. [Display omitted] •The high flame retardancy of melamine foams are realized by LbL assembly for the first time.•Their LOI value achieved 47.0, and pHRR and THR values decreased by 87% and 77%, respectively.•This method resolved the shrinkage of melamine foam at high temperatures.
ISSN:0032-3861
1873-2291
DOI:10.1016/j.polymer.2015.04.022