Impact of organic and inorganic nanomaterials in the soil microbial community structure

• Published in: The Science of the total environment 2012-05, Vol.424, p.344-350
• Main Authors: Nogueira, Verónica, Lopes, Isabel, Rocha-Santos, Teresa, Santos, Ana L., Rasteiro, Graça M., Antunes, Filipe, Gonçalves, Fernando, Soares, Amadeu M.V.M., Cunha, Angela, Almeida, Adelaide, Gomes, Newton N.C.M., Pereira, Ruth
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; Bacteria; Bacteria - drug effects; Bacteria - genetics; Biological and medical sciences; Biota; bromides; carboxymethylcellulose; Communities; community structure; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; DNA, Bacterial - analysis; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; gold; Inorganic Chemicals - classification; Inorganic Chemicals - toxicity; light scattering; Metal Nanoparticles - classification; Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity; Microbial ecology; Microorganisms; Multivariate Analysis; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles - classification; Nanoparticles - toxicity; Nanorods; oleic acid; Organic Chemicals - classification; Organic Chemicals - toxicity; PCR-DGGE analysis; polyethylene glycol; Polymerase Chain Reaction; quantum dots; ribosomal DNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - analysis; scanning electron microscopes; Scanning electron microscopy; sodium; sodium sulfate; Soil (material); soil bacteria; Soil bacterial community; soil ecology; Soil Microbiology; soil pollution; soil sampling; Structural diversity; titanium; Titanium dioxide; Various environments (extraatmospheric space, air, water)
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.02.041

In this study the effect of organic and inorganic nanomaterials (NMs) on the structural diversity of the soil microbial community was investigated by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, after amplification with universal primers for the bacterial region V6–V8 of 16S rDNA. The polymers of carboxylmethyl-cellulose (CMC), of hydrophobically modified CMC (HM-CMC), and hydrophobically modified polyethylglycol (HM-PEG); the vesicles of sodium dodecyl sulphate/didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide (SDS/DDAB) and of monoolein/sodium oleate (Mo/NaO); titanium oxide (TiO2), titanium silicon oxide (TiSiO4), CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, gold nanorods, and Fe/Co magnetic fluid were the NMs tested. Soil samples were incubated, for a period of 30days, after being spiked with NM suspensions previously characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) or by an ultrahigh-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM). The analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) of DGGE profiles showed that gold nanorods, TiO2, CMC, HM-CMC, HM-PEG, and SDS/DDAB have significantly affected the structural diversity of the soil bacterial community. ► Organic and inorganic nanomaterials on soil microbial community. ► Structural diversity was investigated by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis. ► All the organic nanomaterials, TiO2 and gold nanorods significantly affected the structural diversity.