Influence of traffic enforcement on the attitudes and behavior of drivers

• Published in: Accident analysis and prevention 2013-03, Vol.52, p.29-38
• Main Authors: Stanojević, Predrag, Jovanović, Dragan, Lajunen, Timo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accident analysis; Accidents; Accidents, Traffic - prevention & control; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Attitude; Attitudes; Automobile Driving - psychology; Automobile Driving - statistics & numerical data; Behavior; Biological and medical sciences; Case-Control Studies; Enforcement; Female; Humans; Joints; Law Enforcement - methods; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Miscellaneous; Prevention and actions; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Risk-Taking; Seat belts; Seat Belts - utilization; Serbia; Speed limits; Surveys and Questionnaires; Traffic accidents; Traffic engineering; Traffic flow; Traffic safety; Young Adult; Yugoslavia
• ISSN: 0001-4575; 1879-2057
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.019

► We investigated the effects of (lacking) traffic enforcement on driver‘s behavior and attitudes. ► The lack of enforcement affects almost every type of behavior we examined and attitudes toward speeding and the violation of traffic regulations. ► Drivers in no-enforcement area drive faster and violate the speed limit more frequently. ► Differences in seat belt use was associated with enforcement in the area. Traditionally, traffic enforcement has been an important means of improving traffic safety. Many studies have provided evidence of connections between the level of police enforcement and both driving behavior and the number of traffic accidents. In Northern Kosovo, there has been little, if any, traffic enforcement during the last 13 years. This situation has created a very rare research opportunity – it is now possible to directly study the influence of traffic enforcement on the attitudes and behavior of drivers by comparing two regions, one with traffic enforcement and one without it (Serbia vs. Northern Kosovo). The sample in the present study consisted of 424 drivers (204 from Serbia and 220 from Northern Kosovo). Questionnaires included items about the behaviors of the drivers (e.g., speeding, seat belt, drunk driving) and their attitudes. We also conducted field observations of driving behavior. The results indicated that the lack of enforcement affects almost every type of behavior that we examined. Compared with drivers in Serbia, drivers in Northern Kosovo drive faster, exceed speed limits more frequently, use seat belts less frequently, drive after exceeding the legal limit for alcohol more often, commit aggressive and ordinary violations more frequently and are generally involved in more risky situations.