Phosphorus recovery as struvite from farm, municipal and industrial waste: Feedstock suitability, methods and pre-treatments

•Development of a feedstock suitability index to rank P recovery potential of range of wastes.•Comprehensive review of struvite recovery methodologies.•Pre-treatments for maximising struvite recovery reviewed. Global population growth requires intensification of agriculture, for which a sustainable...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Waste management (Elmsford) 2016-03, Vol.49, p.437-454
Main Authors: Kataki, Sampriti, West, Helen, Clarke, Michèle, Baruah, D.C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Anaerobic digestion
Industrial Waste - analysis
Nutrients
Phosphorus
Phosphorus - analysis
Pre-treatments
Recycling - methods
Solid Waste - analysis
Struvite
Struvite - analysis
Waste Management - methods
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Summary:•Development of a feedstock suitability index to rank P recovery potential of range of wastes.•Comprehensive review of struvite recovery methodologies.•Pre-treatments for maximising struvite recovery reviewed. Global population growth requires intensification of agriculture, for which a sustainable supply of phosphorus (P) is essential. Since natural P reserves are diminishing, recovering P from wastes and residues is an increasingly attractive prospect, particularly as technical and economic potential in the area is growing. In addition to providing phosphorus for agricultural use, precipitation of P from waste residues and effluents lessens their nutrient loading prior to disposal. This paper critically reviews published methods for P recovery from waste streams (municipal, farm and industrial) with emphasis on struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) crystallisation, including pre-treatments to maximise recovery. Based on compositional parameters of a range of wastes, a Feedstock Suitability Index (FSI) was developed as a guide to inform researchers and operators of the relative potential for struvite production from each waste.
ISSN:0956-053X
1879-2456
DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.003