Simulations of fishing effects on the southern Benguela fish community using an individual-based model: Learning from a comparison with Ecosim

By applying an individual-based model (OSMOSE) to the southern Benguela ecosystem, a multispecies analysis is proposed, complementary to that provided by the application of ECOPATH/ECOSIM models. To reconstruct marine foodwebs, OSMOSE is based on the hypothesis that predation is a size-structured pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:African journal of marine science 2004-01, Vol.26 (1), p.95-114
Main Authors: Shin, Y.J, Shannon, L.J, Cury, P.M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AFRIQUE DU SUD
DENSIDAD DE LA POBLACION
DENSITE DE POPULATION
ECOLOGIA MARINA
ECOLOGIE MARINE
Engraulis encrasicolus
ESPECE
ESPECIES
Etrumeus whiteheadi
FISHERIES
FISHING EFFORTS
Marine
MARINE ECOLOGY
MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
Merluccius capensis
Merluccius paradoxus
MODELE DE SIMULATION
MODELOS DE SIMULACION
MULTISPECIES MODELLING
PECHES
PESCA
POPULATION DENSITY
Sardinops sagax
SIMULATION MODELS
SOUTH AFRICA
SPECIES
SUDAFRICA
TROPHIC INTERACTIONS
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Summary:By applying an individual-based model (OSMOSE) to the southern Benguela ecosystem, a multispecies analysis is proposed, complementary to that provided by the application of ECOPATH/ECOSIM models. To reconstruct marine foodwebs, OSMOSE is based on the hypothesis that predation is a size-structured process. In all, 12 fish species, chosen for their importance in terms of biomass and catches, are explicitly modelled. Growth, reproduction and mortality parameters are required to model their dynamics and trophic interactions. Maps of mean spatial distribution of the species are compiled from published literature. Taking into account the spatial component is necessary because spatial co-occurrence determines potential interactions between predatory fish and prey fish of suitable size. To explore ecosystem effects of fishing, different fishing scenarios, previously examined using ECOSIM, are simulated using the OSMOSE model. They explore the effects of targeting fish species in the southern Benguela considered to be predators (Cape hake Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus) or prey (anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus, sardine Sardinops sagax, round herring Etrumeus whiteheadi). Simulation results are compared and are generally consistent with those obtained using an ECOSIM model. This cross-validation appears to be a promising means of evaluating the robustness of model outputs, when separate validation of marine ecosystem models are still difficult to perform.
ISSN:0257-7615
1814-232X
1814-2338
DOI:10.2989/18142320409504052