Unilateral to bilateral pleurisy: Pleural tuberculosis?

Pleural tuberculosis is the first or second most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis as well as the main cause of pleural effusion in many countries. It is rare in young infants and is more common in children over 10 years of age. We report the case of a 19-month-old girl admitted for prolong...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Société française de pédiatrie 2016-04, Vol.23 (4), p.385-388
Main Authors: Ben Ameur, S, Smaoui, S, Kamoun, F, Chabchoub, I, Kamoun, T, Messaadi, F, Aloulou, H, Hachicha, M
Format: Article
Language:fre
Subjects:
Female
Humans
Infant
Pleurisy - microbiology
Pleurisy - pathology
Tuberculosis, Pleural - diagnosis
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Summary:Pleural tuberculosis is the first or second most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis as well as the main cause of pleural effusion in many countries. It is rare in young infants and is more common in children over 10 years of age. We report the case of a 19-month-old girl admitted for prolonged fever with unilateral pleural effusion. The mother reported a history of lymph node tuberculosis 6 years previously. Intravenous antibiotics with cefotaxime and vancomycin were started. Thoracocentesis yielded a serosanguinous exudate fluid with a lymphocyte predominance. The tuberculin skin test and PCR GeneXpert(©) on pleural fluid were negative. The initial outcome was favorable, but the chest X-rays 10 days after discharge showed bilateral pleural effusion. Pleural biopsy was proposed but the culture of pleural fluid was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The child was put under standard treatment for tuberculosis. The outcome was favorable.
ISSN:1769-664X
DOI:10.1016/j.arcped.2016.01.014