Chitosan hydrogels significantly limit left ventricular infarction and remodeling and preserve myocardial contractility

Abstract Background Left ventricular myocardial infarctions (MIs) consist of a central area of myocardial necrosis that is surrounded by areas of myocardial injury and ischemia. We hypothesized that chitosan hydrogels, when injected around the perimeter of MIs in rats, could decrease left ventricle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of surgical research 2016-04, Vol.201 (2), p.490-497
Main Authors: Henning, Robert J., MD, Khan, Abraham, MD, Jimenez, Ernesto, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Chitosan
Chitosan - pharmacology
Chitosan - therapeutic use
Chitosan hydrogels
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Hydrogels - pharmacology
Hydrogels - therapeutic use
Injections - methods
Ischemic cardiomyopathy
Left ventricular remodeling
Left ventricular wall stress
Male
Myocardial Contraction - drug effects
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial Infarction - drug therapy
Neovascularization, Physiologic - drug effects
Random Allocation
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Surgery
Ventricular Remodeling - drug effects
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Summary:Abstract Background Left ventricular myocardial infarctions (MIs) consist of a central area of myocardial necrosis that is surrounded by areas of myocardial injury and ischemia. We hypothesized that chitosan hydrogels, when injected around the perimeter of MIs in rats, could decrease left ventricle (LV) wall stress by the Law of LaPlace, and therefore myocardial oxygen requirements, and prevent the ischemic and injured myocardium from becoming necrotic. In this manner, chitosan gels could limit LV infraction size and LV remodeling. Chitosan hydrogels are liquid at 25°C but gel at 37°C. Methods Seventy Sprague–Dawley rats with ligation of the left coronary artery were treated with either Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) or chitosan hydrogel in DMEM, which was injected around the infarct perimeter. Echocardiograms were obtained before MI and at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 wk after MI. Hearts from randomly selected rats were harvested at baseline and at the time of echocardiography for determinations of LV infarct size, remodeling, and histopathology. Results Infarct sizes as a percentage of the total ventricular myocardium in the DMEM group averaged 17% versus 14% in the chitosan group at 4 wk ( P  
ISSN:0022-4804
1095-8673
DOI:10.1016/j.jss.2015.11.012