One component propargyl phthalonitrile novolac: Synthesis and characterization

[Display omitted] •First time report on one component propargyl–phthalonitrile thermosets.•Propargyl mediated nitrile curing is established in an oligomer system.•Phthalocyanine, triazine, and chromene structures are identified in cured resin.•Compositional dependency on thermal stability and crossl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European polymer journal 2015-10, Vol.71, p.389-400
Main Authors: Augustine, Dhanya, Mathew, Dona, Reghunadhan Nair, C.P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chromene
Combustion
Copolymers
Curing
Density
Novolacs
Phthalocyanine
Phthalonitrile polymers
Propargyl groups
Propargyl resins
Spectra
Thermal stability
Thermosetting copolymers
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Summary:[Display omitted] •First time report on one component propargyl–phthalonitrile thermosets.•Propargyl mediated nitrile curing is established in an oligomer system.•Phthalocyanine, triazine, and chromene structures are identified in cured resin.•Compositional dependency on thermal stability and crosslinking established. Novolac polymers bearing varying proportions of propargyl and phthalonitrile groups on the same backbone and capable of self and co-curing to a thermally stable matrix have been synthesized. Spectral and thermal studies gave evidence for both homopolymerization of propargyl groups and its co-reaction with nitrile groups during thermal curing. Propargyl groups promoted curing of phthalonitrile groups through the hydroxyl and chromene intermediates formed from the thermal cyclization reactions of this group. Resins rich in propargyl groups showed higher crosslink density and higher modulus values. Among the copolymers, phthalonitrile rich systems exhibited relatively higher thermal stability with initial decomposition temperature at around 435°C. All the cured compositions showed anaerobic char yields of 73–76% at 900°C.
ISSN:0014-3057
1873-1945
DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.08.013