Bone morphogenetic protein expression in newborn rat kidneys after prenatal exposure to radiofrequency radiation

Effects of nonthermal radiofrequency radiation (RFR) of the global system of mobile communication (GSM) cellular phones have been as yet mostly studied at the molecular level in the context of cellular stress and proliferation, as well as neurotransmitter production and localization. In this study,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioelectromagnetics 2004-04, Vol.25 (3), p.216-227
Main Authors: Pyrpasopoulou, Athina, Kotoula, Vassiliki, Cheva, Angeliki, Hytiroglou, Prodromos, Nikolakaki, Eleni, Magras, Ioannis N., Xenos, Thomas D., Tsiboukis, Theodoros D., Karkavelas, Georgios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Base Sequence
BMP
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins - metabolism
DNA Primers
Female
GSM
Immunohistochemistry
Kidney - embryology
Kidney - metabolism
Kidney - radiation effects
Maternal Exposure
molecular effect
nonthermal effects
Pregnancy
Rats
Rats, Wistar
relative expression
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RFR
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Summary:Effects of nonthermal radiofrequency radiation (RFR) of the global system of mobile communication (GSM) cellular phones have been as yet mostly studied at the molecular level in the context of cellular stress and proliferation, as well as neurotransmitter production and localization. In this study, a simulation model was designed for the exposure of pregnant rats to pulsed GSM‐like RFR (9.4 GHz), based on the different resonant frequencies of man and rat. The power density applied was 5 μW/cm2, in order to avoid thermal electromagnetic effects as much as possible. Pregnant rats were exposed to RFR during days 1–3 postcoitum (p.c.) (embryogenesis, pre‐implantation) and days 4–7 p.c. (early organogenesis, peri‐implantation). Relative expression and localization of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and their receptors (BMPR), members of a molecular family currently considered as major endocrine and autocrine morphogens and known to be involved in renal development, were investigated in newborn kidneys from RFR exposed and sham irradiated (control) rats. Semi‐quantitative duplex RT‐PCR for BMP‐4, ‐7, BMPR‐IA, ‐IB, and ‐II showed increased BMP‐4 and BMPR‐IA, and decreased BMPR‐II relative expression in newborn kidneys. These changes were statistically significant for BMP‐4, BMPR‐IA, and ‐II after exposure on days 1–3 p.c. (P 
ISSN:0197-8462
1521-186X
DOI:10.1002/bem.10185