Social skills and psychopathic traits in maltreated adolescents

• Published in: European child & adolescent psychiatry 2016-04, Vol.25 (4), p.397-405
• Main Authors: Ometto, Mariella, de Oliveira, Paula Approbato, Milioni, Ana Luiza, dos Santos, Bernardo, Scivoletto, Sandra, Busatto, Geraldo F., Nunes, Paula V., Cunha, Paulo Jannuzzi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abuse; Abused children; Adolescent; Adolescents; Antisocial personality disorder; Antisocial Personality Disorder - pathology; Antisocial Personality Disorder - psychology; Bipolar disorder; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child abuse & neglect; Child Abuse - psychology; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Children; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emotions; Empathy; Female; Humans; Intelligence Tests; Male; Maltreatment; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mental disorders; Multiple regression analysis; Original Contribution; Personality Inventory - statistics & numerical data; Psychiatry; Regression analysis; Social behavior; Social functioning; Social Skills; Socioeconomic Factors; Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Trauma
• ISSN: 1018-8827; 1435-165X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00787-015-0744-y

Child maltreatment has frequently been associated with impaired social skills and antisocial features, but there are still controversies about the effect of each type of maltreatment on social behaviour. The aim of this study was to compare the social functioning and psychopathic traits of maltreated adolescents (MTA) with a control group (CG) and to investigate what types of maltreatments and social skills were associated with psychopathic traits in both groups. The types and intensity of maltreatment were evaluated through the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) in 107 adolescents, divided into the MTA group ( n  = 66) and non-maltreated youths ( n  = 41), our CG. The Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL: YV) and a detailed inventory for evaluation of social skills in adolescents were also applied in all individuals. MTA presented more psychopathic traits than the CG, in all domains measured by PCL: YV, independently of IQ levels and the presence of psychiatric disorders. Interestingly, the groups did not differ significantly from each other on indicators of social skills. Multiple regression analysis revealed that emotional neglect was the only maltreatment subtype significantly associated with psychopathic traits, more specifically with the PCL: YV interpersonal factor (F1), and that some social skills (empathy, self-control and social confidence) were related to specific psychopathic factors. The results highlight that emotional neglect may be more detrimental to social behaviours than physical and sexual abuse, and that neglected children require more specific and careful attention.