Cystic fibrosis in young children: A review of disease manifestation, progression, and response to early treatment

• Published in: Journal of cystic fibrosis 2016-03, Vol.15 (2), p.147-157
• Main Authors: VanDevanter, Donald R, Kahle, Jennifer S, O’Sullivan, Amy K, Sikirica, Slaven, Hodgkins, Paul S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Child; Comprehensive survey; Cystic Fibrosis - diagnosis; Cystic Fibrosis - epidemiology; Cystic Fibrosis - therapy; Data collection; Disease Management; Disease Progression; Global Health; Health status; Humans; Infant; Preschool; Prevalence; Pulmonary/Respiratory; Time Factors
• ISSN: 1569-1993; 1873-5010
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2015.09.008

Abstract Background Studies have described illness associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) early in life, but there is no comprehensive accounting of the prevalence and ages of disease manifestation and progression described in individual studies. Methods We searched for peer-reviewed English-language studies of the health of children ≤ 6 years old with CF (published 1990–2014). Structural abnormalities and dysfunction of the digestive and respiratory systems were summarized across relevant studies by system and age group. Results Primary studies (125 total) from 22 countries described abnormalities, dysfunction, and disease progression in infancy and early childhood. Improved health was consistently observed in association with diagnosis via newborn screening compared with cohorts diagnosed later by symptomatic presentation. Conclusions The peer-reviewed literature is remarkably consistent: CF-associated growth impairment and airway abnormalities are reported at birth, and disease progression is reported in infancy and throughout childhood. Earlier access to routine CF management is associated with improved subsequent health status.