Candidate mutator genes in mismatch repair-deficient thymic lymphomas: no evidence of mutations in the DNA polymerase δ gene

• Published in: Carcinogenesis (New York) 2000-12, Vol.21 (12), p.2281-2285
• Main Authors: Campbell, Marcia R., Thang, Thy Y., Jirik, Frank R., Andrew, Susan E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Base Pair Mismatch - genetics; Base Sequence; Biological and medical sciences; Cell physiology; Cell transformation and carcinogenesis. Action of oncogenes and antioncogenes; DNA pol δ; DNA Polymerase III - genetics; DNA polymerase δ; DNA Primers; DNA Repair - genetics; DNA-Binding Proteins; Exons; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Introns; Lymphoma - genetics; Mice; Mice, Knockout; mismatch repair; MMR; Molecular and cellular biology; Molecular Sequence Data; Msh2 gene; Mutation; MutS Homolog 2 Protein; PCR; polymerase chain reaction; Proto-Oncogene Proteins - deficiency; Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics; Thymus Neoplasms - genetics
• ISSN: 0143-3334; 1460-2180; 1460-2180
• DOI: 10.1093/carcin/21.12.2281

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins recognize nucleotides that are incorrectly paired. Deficiencies in MMR lead to increased genomic instability reflected in an increased mutation frequency and predisposition to tumorigenesis. Mice lacking the MMR gene, Msh2, develop thymic lymphomas that exhibit much higher mutational frequencies than other Msh2–/– tumours and Msh2–/– normal thymic tissue, suggesting that an additional mutator may have been acquired in a tissue-specific manner. Clustered mutations observed exclusively in the thymic lymphomas suggests that a gene(s) associated with the replication machinery might have become altered during tumorigenesis. Based on mutation studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking Msh2 and DNA polymerase δ (DNA pol δ), we hypothesized that the acquisition of mutations in DNA pol δ could contribute to the hypermutator phenotype and tumorigenesis in Msh2–/– thymic tissue. Furthermore, previous reports have suggested that genes containing mononucleotide repeats are non-random mutational targets in the absence of MMR. Therefore, we sequenced all 26 exons of the DNA pol δ catalytic subunit, including the six exons containing mononucleotide repeats of >5 bp, from nine Msh2–/– thymic lymphomas and two wild-type controls. No DNA pol δ pathogenic mutations were found in the thymic lymphomas, although several DNA base differences compared with published DNA pol δ sequences were observed. We conclude, therefore, that inactivating mutations in DNA pol δ are not a contributing factor in the development of the hypermutator phenotype in MMR-deficient murine thymic lymphomas.