Emerging Histopathological and Genetic Parameters of Pituitary Adenomas: Clinical Impact and Recommendation for Future WHO Classification

The review assesses immunohistochemical findings of somatostatin receptors and of metalloproteinases in different pituitary adenoma types and the significance of molecular genetic data. Current evidence does not support routine immunohistochemical assessment of somatostatin or dopamine receptor subt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Endocrine Pathology 2016-06, Vol.27 (2), p.115-122
Main Authors: Saeger, W., Petersenn, S., Schöfl, C., Knappe, U. J., Theodoropoulou, M., Buslei, R., Honegger, J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenoma - classification
Adenoma - genetics
Adenoma - pathology
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Endocrinology
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Oncology
Pathology
Pituitary Neoplasms - classification
Pituitary Neoplasms - genetics
Pituitary Neoplasms - pathology
World Health Organization
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Summary:The review assesses immunohistochemical findings of somatostatin receptors and of metalloproteinases in different pituitary adenoma types and the significance of molecular genetic data. Current evidence does not support routine immunohistochemical assessment of somatostatin or dopamine receptor subtype expression on hormone-secreting or nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Further prospective studies are needed to define its role for clinical decision making. Until then we suggest to restrict membrane receptor profiling to individual cases or for study purposes. The problems of adenoma expansion and invasion are discussed. Despite partially contradictory publications, proteases clearly play a major role in permission of infiltrative growth of pituitary adenomas. Therefore, detection of at least MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2, and uPA seems to be justified. Molecular characterization is important for familial adenomas, adenomas in MEN, Carney complex, and McCune-Albright syndrome and can gain insight into pathogenesis of sporadic adenomas.
ISSN:1046-3976
1559-0097
DOI:10.1007/s12022-016-9419-6