Insulin resistance and beta-cell function in different ethnic groups in Kenya: the role of abdominal fat distribution

Little is known about the pathophysiology of diabetes in Africans. Thus, we assessed whether insulin resistance and beta-cell function differed by ethnicity in Kenya and whether differences were modified by abdominal fat distribution. A cross-sectional study in 1,087 rural Luo ( n  = 361), Kamba ( n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta diabetologica 2014-02, Vol.51 (1), p.53-60
Main Authors: Christensen, D. L., Faurholt-Jepsen, D., Faerch, K., Mwaniki, D. L., Boit, M. K., Kilonzo, B., Tetens, I., Friis, H., Borch-Johnsen, K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdominal Fat - pathology
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Body fat
Body Fat Distribution - statistics & numerical data
Body Mass Index
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes
Ethnic Groups - statistics & numerical data
Female
Glucose Intolerance - ethnology
Glucose Tolerance Test
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Insulin-Secreting Cells - physiology
Internal Medicine
Kenya - epidemiology
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Middle Aged
Minority & ethnic groups
Obesity
Original Article
Risk factors
Young Adult
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Summary:Little is known about the pathophysiology of diabetes in Africans. Thus, we assessed whether insulin resistance and beta-cell function differed by ethnicity in Kenya and whether differences were modified by abdominal fat distribution. A cross-sectional study in 1,087 rural Luo ( n  = 361), Kamba ( n  = 378), and Maasai ( n  = 348) was conducted. All participants had a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Venous blood samples were collected at 0, 30, and 120 min. Serum insulin was analysed at 0 and 30 min. From the OGTT, we assessed the homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance by computer model, early phase insulin secretion, and disposition index (DI) dividing insulin secretion by insulin resistance. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness were carried out by ultrasonography. Linear regression analyses were done to assess ethnic differences in insulin indices. The Maasai had 32 and 17 % higher insulin resistance than the Luo and Kamba, respectively ( p  
ISSN:0940-5429
1432-5233
DOI:10.1007/s00592-013-0474-x