Supramolecular gel phase crystallization: orthogonal self-assembly under non-equilibrium conditions

This tutorial review charts the history of gel phase crystallization from its origins in Liesegang ring formation to current research in the generation of new pharmaceutical solid forms in low molecular weight organogels. The growth of molecular crystals under a supersaturation gradient within the s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical Society reviews 2014-04, Vol.43 (7), p.28-288
Main Authors: Kumar, D. Krishna, Steed, Jonathan W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Charts
Coupling (molecular)
Crystallization
Crystals
Formations
Origins
Self assembly
Time
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Summary:This tutorial review charts the history of gel phase crystallization from its origins in Liesegang ring formation to current research in the generation of new pharmaceutical solid forms in low molecular weight organogels. The growth of molecular crystals under a supersaturation gradient within the same space and timescale as the formation of a gel phase material is placed into context as an example of orthogonal self-assembly. Such multi-component, weakly coupled orthogonal self-assembly processes occurring far from equilibrium represent a powerful conceptual paradigm for generating fascinating emergent behaviour in chemical systems. This tutorial review charts the history of gel phase crystallization from its origins in Liesegang ring formation to current research in the generation of new pharmaceutical solid forms in low molecular weight organogels.
ISSN:0306-0012
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/c3cs60224a