Factors affecting the transfer of organochlorine pesticide residues to breastmilk

Existing studies monitoring organochlorine pesticide residues in breastmilk were examined to identify whether common factors determine the extent of transfer of these residues. A structured review of the English language literature was conducted. Papers were reviewed and assessed using a structured...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2001-04, Vol.43 (2), p.243-256
Main Authors: Harris, Caroline A., Woolridge, Michael W., Hay, Alastair W.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age Factors
Biological and medical sciences
Body Weight
Breast Feeding - adverse effects
Breastmilk
Diet - adverse effects
fats
Female
Humans
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Insecticides - analysis
Insecticides - metabolism
Lactation
Lactation - physiology
Maternal Exposure - adverse effects
Maternal Exposure - statistics & numerical data
Medical sciences
Milk, Human - chemistry
Milk, Human - metabolism
Organochlorine
Parity
Pesticide
Pesticide Residues - metabolism
Pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals toxicology
Pregnancy
Residue
Selection Bias
Smoking - adverse effects
Toxicology
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Summary:Existing studies monitoring organochlorine pesticide residues in breastmilk were examined to identify whether common factors determine the extent of transfer of these residues. A structured review of the English language literature was conducted. Papers were reviewed and assessed using a structured protocol. A total of 77 papers were initially identified, 46 of which contained conclusions relating to the factors which may affect the transfer of residues into breastmilk. Owing to the diversity of findings, papers were screened further to include only those in which a minimum of background information relating to selection of mothers and to milk sampling procedures were reported. Only eight papers were deemed to contain adequate information. Age, parity/length of previous lactation, fat mobilisation and the time of sampling were identified as the most likely factors to be considered when assessing transfer of organochlorine pesticide residues into breastmilk. This review highlights the difficulties of assessing trends in breastmilk contaminants where comparable sampling procedures are not used.
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00149-1