Retrospective evaluation of shortened prothrombin time or activated partial thromboplastin time for the diagnosis of hypercoagulability in dogs: 25 cases (2006–2011)

• Published in: Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2000) Tex. : 2000), 2016-05, Vol.26 (3), p.398-405
• Main Authors: Song, Jennifer, Drobatz, Kenneth J., Silverstein, Deborah C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Blood Coagulation Disorders - blood; Blood Coagulation Disorders - diagnosis; Blood Coagulation Tests - veterinary; Case-Control Studies; coagulation testing; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dogs; Female; hemostasis; Male; Partial Thromboplastin Time - veterinary; Predictive Value of Tests; Prothrombin Time - veterinary; prothrombotic complications; Retrospective Studies; Thrombelastography - veterinary; thromboelastography; Thrombophilia - blood; Thrombophilia - diagnosis
• ISSN: 1479-3261; 1476-4431
• DOI: 10.1111/vec.12478

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between shortened prothrombin time (PT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) values, clinical findings associated with hypercoagulability, suspicion of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), D‐dimer concentrations, and thromboelastogram (TEG) indices. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study from 2006 to 2011. SETTING: University veterinary teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Twenty‐three dogs with TEG tracings and shortened PT or aPTT values and 23 control dogs with TEG tracings and normal PT and aPTT values. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Parameters evaluated included signalment, coagulation testing results (PT, aPTT, D‐dimer concentration), TEG measurements (R, K, α, maximal amplitude) and calculated clotting index, findings of clinical hypercoagulability (thrombosis of intravenous/intra‐arterial catheters, vessel thrombosis, and suspected PTE). Dogs with shortened PT or aPTT had significantly more thrombus formation (P = 0.038), suspicion of PTE (P < 0.001), and increased D‐dimer concentration (P < 0.001) compared to dogs with normal PT and aPTT values. There were no significant findings when compared to TEG values. CONCLUSIONS: A shortened PT or aPTT in dogs may be indicative of a hypercoagulable state as evidenced by an increased incidence of thrombosis, frequency of suspected PTE, and increased circulating D‐dimers. A prospective study is warranted to further evaluate the use of PT and aPTT to diagnose hypercoagulable states.