Literature Review of Gastrointestinal Physiology in the Elderly, in Pediatric Patients, and in Patients with Gastrointestinal Diseases

Oral bioavailability studies during the development of new medical entities or generic drugs are typically performed in healthy volunteers. Approved drug products are, however, used by patients with diverse disease backgrounds, and by pediatric and elderly patients. To provide the knowledge base for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 2016-02, Vol.105 (2), p.476-483
Main Authors: Bai, Jane P.F., Burckart, Gilbert J., Mulberg, Andrew E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age Factors
Aged
Biological Transport - drug effects
Biological Transport - physiology
Child
CYP enzymes
elderly
Gastrointestinal Agents - administration & dosage
Gastrointestinal Agents - metabolism
Gastrointestinal Diseases - drug therapy
Gastrointestinal Diseases - metabolism
Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects
Gastrointestinal Tract - metabolism
gastrointestinal transit
Gastrointestinal Transit - drug effects
Gastrointestinal Transit - physiology
Humans
Intestinal Absorption - drug effects
Intestinal Absorption - physiology
metabolism
paracellular transport
passive transport disease effects
pediatric
Pediatrics
permeabiltiy
solubility
transporters
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Summary:Oral bioavailability studies during the development of new medical entities or generic drugs are typically performed in healthy volunteers. Approved drug products are, however, used by patients with diverse disease backgrounds, and by pediatric and elderly patients. To provide the knowledge base for assessing the potential effects of age or co-morbidity on the in vivo performance of an orally absorbed, systemically active drug product, the literature regarding the gastrointestinal (GI) physiological characteristics (pH, permeability, and transit time) in children, in the elderly, and in patients with GI diseases (irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease) is reviewed herein, with the knowledge gaps highlighted.
ISSN:0022-3549
1520-6017
DOI:10.1002/jps.24696