eIF3regulates migration, invasion and apoptosis in cadmium transformed 16HBE cells and is a novel biomarker of cadmium exposure in a rat model and in workers

• Published in: Toxicology research (Cambridge) 2016-05, Vol.5 (3), p.761-772
• Main Authors: Zhou, Zhiheng, Lu, Qian, Huang, Qinhai, Zheng, Chanjiao, Chen, Baoxin, Lei, Yixiong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 2045-452X; 2045-4538
• DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00250h

Translation (eukaryotic) initiation factor 3 (eIF3or TIF3) has been found to be a proto-oncogene in cadmium (Cd) response both in vitroand vivo, but whether eIF3may serve as a biomarker of Cd exposure is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether eIF3could serve as a novel biomarker of Cd toxicity in cells, animals and workers, and regulate the apoptosis, migration and invasion in human bronchial epithelial cell (16HBE cells) transformation with cadmium chloride (CdCl sub(2)). In CdCl sub(2) transformed 16HBE cells, eIF3expression increased gradually, and sequencing did not identify mutation and methylation of eIF3. In 16HBE cells with eIF3silencing by siRNA and CdCl sub(2) treated 16HBE cells of the 15 super(th) and 35 super(th) generations, the apoptosis, migration and invasion were significantly inhibited, and the expressions of relevant genes were also altered (P< 0.05). In CdCl sub(2) treated rats, eIF3mRNA expression increased to different extents in the blood, liver, kidney, heart and lung, and this increase was dependent on the Cd concentration (P< 0.05). The eIF3mRNA expression was related to the mRNA expressions of AKT, BAX, BCL-2, E-CADHERIN, CASPASE-3, EGFR, FOXC2, STAT3, TGF- beta 1and VIMENTIN(P< 0.05). In 181 workers with Cd exposure, the eIF3mRNA expression was positively related to the blood Cd, urine Cd and beta 2-microglobulin content (P< 0.05). This study showed that abnormally expressed eIF3may regulate the apoptosis, migration and invasion of 16HBE cells with Cd toxicity. This suggests that eIF3may become a novel and valuable biomarker of Cd toxicity and Cd-induced effects, and may regulate apoptosis, migration and invasion of 16HBE cells. Thus, the detection of eIF3expression is important for the monitoring of Cd toxicity in humans.