Major depressive disorder with subthreshold hypomania (mixed features): Clinical characteristics of patients entered in a multiregional, placebo-controlled study

• Published in: Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry 2016-07, Vol.68, p.9-14
• Main Authors: Targum, Steven D., Suppes, Trisha, Pendergrass, J. Cara, Lee, Sang, Silva, Robert, Cucchiaro, Josephine, Loebel, Antony
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents - therapeutic use; Bipolar Disorder - classification; Bipolar Disorder - drug therapy; Bipolar Disorder - physiopathology; Depression subtypes; Depressive Disorder, Major - classification; Depressive Disorder, Major - drug therapy; Depressive Disorder, Major - physiopathology; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Lurasidone; Lurasidone Hydrochloride - therapeutic use; Major depressive disorder; Male; Middle Aged; Mixed features specifier; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Subthreshold hypomania
• ISSN: 0278-5846; 1878-4216
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.02.007

Major depressive disorder (MDD) associated with subthreshold hypomanic symptoms (mixed features), has been identified as a distinct nosological entity in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). We identified the predominant manic symptoms present at baseline in a multiregional, placebo-controlled trial involving 211 patients with MDD with mixed features (Clinicaltrials.govNCT01421134). Patients with 2 or 3 DSM-5 criteria defined manic symptoms were eligible for the study. At study baseline, increased talkativeness (pressure to keep talking) and flight of ideas (racing thoughts) were endorsed by approximately 65% of patients and a decreased need for sleep was endorsed by 40% of patients. Approximately 60% of patients also endorsed irritability and distractibility at baseline although these symptoms are not generally counted as part of the “mixed” depression diagnosis as they may overlap with criteria for MDD. Thus, five clinical symptoms characterized the manic presentation in the majority of patients diagnosed as having MDD with “mixed” features in this first placebo-controlled trial examining the use of a psychotropic medication (lurasidone) in this population. Our findings support the designation of MDD with mixed features specifier and suggest that this subpopulation of depressed patients may warrant additional medication beyond antidepressants. •There were 211 patients with MDD and subthreshold hypomanic symptoms (mixed features) in a multinational lurasidone trial.•Approximately 65% of patients endorsed increased talkativeness and flight of ideas at the baseline visit•More than 40% of patients endorsed a decreased need for sleep•Our findings provide support for the DSM-5 category of MDD with mixed features specifier.•Nearly 60% of patients also endorsed irritability and distractibility that are not included in the DSM-5 “mixed” specifier.