A stricter condition for standing balance after unexpected perturbations

Abstract In order to account for the dynamic nature of balance, the concept of the ‘extrapolated centre of mass’ XcoM has been introduced ( Hof et al., 2005 ). The law for standing balance was then formulated as: the XcoM should remain within the Base of Support (BoS). This law, however, does not ta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of biomechanics 2016-02, Vol.49 (4), p.580-585
Main Authors: Hof, At L, Curtze, Carolin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Balance
Balancing
Base of support
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomechanics
Boundaries
Centre of mass
Centre of pressure
CoM
Conflicts of interest
CoP
Delay
Displacement
Equilibrium
Extrapolation
Human
Humans
Laplace transforms
Male
Mathematical analysis
Middle Aged
Models, Biological
Perturbation methods
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Postural Balance - physiology
Posture - physiology
Pressure
XcoM
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Summary:Abstract In order to account for the dynamic nature of balance, the concept of the ‘extrapolated centre of mass’ XcoM has been introduced ( Hof et al., 2005 ). The law for standing balance was then formulated as: the XcoM should remain within the Base of Support (BoS). This law, however, does not take into account that the centre of pressure (CoP) needs time to displace due to various neural and mechanical delays. The theory is extended to include the finite reaction- and displacement time of the CoP. Experimental results on humans standing on two feet undergoing sudden postural perturbations are presented. In this case it turns out that the area of the effective BoS is only a fraction, some 30%, of the area of the static BoS.
ISSN:0021-9290
1873-2380
DOI:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.01.021