Dementia in Down's syndrome

Summary Down's syndrome is the most common genetic cause of learning difficulties, and individuals with this condition represent the largest group of people with dementia under the age of 50 years. Genetic drivers result in a high frequency of Alzheimer's pathology in these individuals, ev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lancet neurology 2016-05, Vol.15 (6), p.622-636
Main Authors: Ballard, Clive, Prof, Mobley, William, Prof, Hardy, John, Prof, Williams, Gareth, PhD, Corbett, Anne, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Alzheimer's disease
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Clinical trials
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Comorbidity
Dementia
Dementia - drug therapy
Dementia - epidemiology
Dementia - genetics
Dementia - metabolism
Down Syndrome - drug therapy
Down Syndrome - epidemiology
Down Syndrome - genetics
Down Syndrome - metabolism
Epidemiology
Humans
Learning disabilities
Memory
Mental disorders
Neurology
Neuropathology
Neurosciences
Older people
Studies
Vitamin E
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Summary:Summary Down's syndrome is the most common genetic cause of learning difficulties, and individuals with this condition represent the largest group of people with dementia under the age of 50 years. Genetic drivers result in a high frequency of Alzheimer's pathology in these individuals, evident from neuroimaging, biomarker, and neuropathological findings, and a high incidence of cognitive decline and dementia. However, cognitive assessment is challenging, and diagnostic methods have not been fully validated for use in these patients; hence, early diagnosis remains difficult. Evidence regarding the benefits of cholinesterase inhibitors and other therapeutic options to treat or delay progressive cognitive decline or dementia is very scarce. Despite close similarities with late-onset Alzheimer's disease, individuals with Down's syndrome respond differently to treatment, and a targeted approach to drug development is thus necessary. Genetic and preclinical studies offer opportunities for treatment development, and potential therapies have been identified using these approaches.
ISSN:1474-4422
1474-4465
DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(16)00063-6