Potent Nematicidal Activity of Maleimide Derivatives on Meloidogyne incognita

Different maleimide derivatives were synthesized and assayed for their in vitro activity on the soil inhabiting, plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, also known as root-knot nematode. The compounds maleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, N-isopropylmaleimide, and N-isobutylmaleimide showed the stron...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2016-06, Vol.64 (24), p.4876-4881
Main Authors: Eloh, Kodjo, Demurtas, Monica, Mura, Manuel Giacomo, Deplano, Alessandro, Onnis, Valentina, Sasanelli, Nicola, Maxia, Andrea, Caboni, Pierluigi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antinematodal Agents - chemistry
Antinematodal Agents - pharmacology
Maleimides - chemistry
Maleimides - pharmacology
Structure-Activity Relationship
Tylenchoidea - drug effects
Tylenchoidea - genetics
Tylenchoidea - growth & development
Tylenchoidea - metabolism
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Summary:Different maleimide derivatives were synthesized and assayed for their in vitro activity on the soil inhabiting, plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, also known as root-knot nematode. The compounds maleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, N-isopropylmaleimide, and N-isobutylmaleimide showed the strongest nematicidal activity on the second stage juveniles of the root-knot nematode with EC50/72h values of 2.6 ± 1.3, 5.1 ± 3.4, 16.2 ± 5.4, and 19.0 ± 9.0 mg/L, respectively. We also determined the nematicidal activity of copper sulfate, finding an EC50 value of 48.6 ± 29.8 mg/L. When maleimide at 1 mg/L was tested in combination with copper sulfate at 50 mg/L, we observed 100% mortality of the nematodes. We performed a GC-MS metabolomics analysis after treating nematodes with maleimide at 8 mg/L for 24 h. This analysis revealed altered fatty acids and diglyceride metabolites such as oleic acid, palmitic acid, and 1-monopalmitin. Our results suggest that maleimide may be used as a new interesting building block for developing new nematicides in combination with copper salts.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02250