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Validated UPLC-MS/MS Methods To Quantitate Free and Conjugated Alternaria Toxins in Commercially Available Tomato Products and Fruit and Vegetable Juices in Belgium
Ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe based analytical methodologies to quantitate both free (alternariol (1), alternariol monomethyl ether (2), tenuazonic acid (3), tentoxin (4), altenuene (5), altertoxin-I (6)) and conju...
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Published in: | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2016-06, Vol.64 (24), p.5101-5109 |
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container_end_page | 5109 |
container_issue | 24 |
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container_title | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
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creator | Walravens, Jeroen Mikula, Hannes Rychlik, Michael Asam, Stefan Devos, Tom Njumbe Ediage, Emmanuel Diana Di Mavungu, José Jacxsens, Liesbeth Van Landschoot, Anita Vanhaecke, Lynn De Saeger, Sarah |
description | Ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe based analytical methodologies to quantitate both free (alternariol (1), alternariol monomethyl ether (2), tenuazonic acid (3), tentoxin (4), altenuene (5), altertoxin-I (6)) and conjugated (sulfates and glucosides of 1 and 2) Alternaria toxins in fruit and vegetable juices and tomato products were developed and validated. Acceptable limits of quantitation (0.7–5.7 μg/kg), repeatability (RSDr < 15.7%), reproducibility (RSDR < 17.9%), and apparent recovery (87.0–110.6%) were obtained for all analytes in all matrices investigated. 129 commercial foodstuffs were analyzed, and 3 was detected in 100% of tomato product samples ( |
doi_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01029 |
format | article |
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Acceptable limits of quantitation (0.7–5.7 μg/kg), repeatability (RSDr < 15.7%), reproducibility (RSDR < 17.9%), and apparent recovery (87.0–110.6%) were obtained for all analytes in all matrices investigated. 129 commercial foodstuffs were analyzed, and 3 was detected in 100% of tomato product samples (<LOQ to 333 μg/kg), while 1, 2, 4, and 5 were also frequently detected (21–86%, <LOQ to 62 μg/kg). Moreover, low levels (<LOQ to 9.9 μg/kg) of modified Alternaria toxins (sulfates of 1 and 2) were repeatedly detected. A deterministic dietary exposure assessment revealed the possible risk for human health related to the presence of 1 and 2 in tomato based foodstuffs, whereas 3 is unlikely to be of human health concern.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8561</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01029</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27180605</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Alternaria - chemistry ; Alternaria - metabolism ; Belgium ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods ; Food Contamination - analysis ; Food Contamination - economics ; Fruit and Vegetable Juices - analysis ; Fruit and Vegetable Juices - economics ; Fruit and Vegetable Juices - microbiology ; Mycotoxins - chemistry ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods</subject><ispartof>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2016-06, Vol.64 (24), p.5101-5109</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a444t-540142fae8bcedbe4a2c5c0de20d9bfd7060751e2381326cdd8cc76a14aaefd83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a444t-540142fae8bcedbe4a2c5c0de20d9bfd7060751e2381326cdd8cc76a14aaefd83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27180605$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Walravens, Jeroen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikula, Hannes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rychlik, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asam, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Devos, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Njumbe Ediage, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diana Di Mavungu, José</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacxsens, Liesbeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Landschoot, Anita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanhaecke, Lynn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Saeger, Sarah</creatorcontrib><title>Validated UPLC-MS/MS Methods To Quantitate Free and Conjugated Alternaria Toxins in Commercially Available Tomato Products and Fruit and Vegetable Juices in Belgium</title><title>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</title><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><description>Ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe based analytical methodologies to quantitate both free (alternariol (1), alternariol monomethyl ether (2), tenuazonic acid (3), tentoxin (4), altenuene (5), altertoxin-I (6)) and conjugated (sulfates and glucosides of 1 and 2) Alternaria toxins in fruit and vegetable juices and tomato products were developed and validated. Acceptable limits of quantitation (0.7–5.7 μg/kg), repeatability (RSDr < 15.7%), reproducibility (RSDR < 17.9%), and apparent recovery (87.0–110.6%) were obtained for all analytes in all matrices investigated. 129 commercial foodstuffs were analyzed, and 3 was detected in 100% of tomato product samples (<LOQ to 333 μg/kg), while 1, 2, 4, and 5 were also frequently detected (21–86%, <LOQ to 62 μg/kg). Moreover, low levels (<LOQ to 9.9 μg/kg) of modified Alternaria toxins (sulfates of 1 and 2) were repeatedly detected. A deterministic dietary exposure assessment revealed the possible risk for human health related to the presence of 1 and 2 in tomato based foodstuffs, whereas 3 is unlikely to be of human health concern.</description><subject>Alternaria - chemistry</subject><subject>Alternaria - metabolism</subject><subject>Belgium</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods</subject><subject>Food Contamination - analysis</subject><subject>Food Contamination - economics</subject><subject>Fruit and Vegetable Juices - analysis</subject><subject>Fruit and Vegetable Juices - economics</subject><subject>Fruit and Vegetable Juices - microbiology</subject><subject>Mycotoxins - chemistry</subject><subject>Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods</subject><issn>0021-8561</issn><issn>1520-5118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kUuP0zAURi0EYjoDe1bISxakY7tx4i5LRXmoFYPmsY1u7JviykkGPxDzf-aH4kkLO1a-8j3fkeyPkDeczTkT_BJ0mB-g0_OqZfli-YzMuBSskJyr52TGMlMoWfEzch7CgTGmZM1ekjNRc8UqJmfk8Q6cNRDR0Nur7brYXV_urukO44_RBHoz0u8JhmhjJujGI1IYDF2PwyHtp9DKRfQDeAsZ_m2HQO2Q932PXltw7oGufoF10DrMQA9xpFd-NEnHMKk2Ptk4TXe4xzhxX5PVOIk-oNvb1L8iLzpwAV-fzgtyu_l4s_5cbL99-rJebQsoyzIWsmS8FB2gajWaFksQWmpmUDCzbDtT5yfXkqNYKL4QlTZGaV1XwEsA7IxaXJB3R--9H38mDLHpbdDoHAw4ptDwerkUvORKZpQdUe3HEDx2zb23PfiHhrPmqZsmd9M8ddOcusmRtyd7ans0_wJ_y8jA-yMwRceU_9WF__v-ACrKnOE</recordid><startdate>20160622</startdate><enddate>20160622</enddate><creator>Walravens, Jeroen</creator><creator>Mikula, Hannes</creator><creator>Rychlik, Michael</creator><creator>Asam, Stefan</creator><creator>Devos, Tom</creator><creator>Njumbe Ediage, Emmanuel</creator><creator>Diana Di Mavungu, José</creator><creator>Jacxsens, Liesbeth</creator><creator>Van Landschoot, Anita</creator><creator>Vanhaecke, Lynn</creator><creator>De Saeger, Sarah</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160622</creationdate><title>Validated UPLC-MS/MS Methods To Quantitate Free and Conjugated Alternaria Toxins in Commercially Available Tomato Products and Fruit and Vegetable Juices in Belgium</title><author>Walravens, Jeroen ; Mikula, Hannes ; Rychlik, Michael ; Asam, Stefan ; Devos, Tom ; Njumbe Ediage, Emmanuel ; Diana Di Mavungu, José ; Jacxsens, Liesbeth ; Van Landschoot, Anita ; Vanhaecke, Lynn ; De Saeger, Sarah</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a444t-540142fae8bcedbe4a2c5c0de20d9bfd7060751e2381326cdd8cc76a14aaefd83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Alternaria - chemistry</topic><topic>Alternaria - metabolism</topic><topic>Belgium</topic><topic>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods</topic><topic>Food Contamination - analysis</topic><topic>Food Contamination - economics</topic><topic>Fruit and Vegetable Juices - analysis</topic><topic>Fruit and Vegetable Juices - economics</topic><topic>Fruit and Vegetable Juices - microbiology</topic><topic>Mycotoxins - chemistry</topic><topic>Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Walravens, Jeroen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikula, Hannes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rychlik, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asam, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Devos, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Njumbe Ediage, Emmanuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diana Di Mavungu, José</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jacxsens, Liesbeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Landschoot, Anita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanhaecke, Lynn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Saeger, Sarah</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Walravens, Jeroen</au><au>Mikula, Hannes</au><au>Rychlik, Michael</au><au>Asam, Stefan</au><au>Devos, Tom</au><au>Njumbe Ediage, Emmanuel</au><au>Diana Di Mavungu, José</au><au>Jacxsens, Liesbeth</au><au>Van Landschoot, Anita</au><au>Vanhaecke, Lynn</au><au>De Saeger, Sarah</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Validated UPLC-MS/MS Methods To Quantitate Free and Conjugated Alternaria Toxins in Commercially Available Tomato Products and Fruit and Vegetable Juices in Belgium</atitle><jtitle>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</jtitle><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><date>2016-06-22</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>5101</spage><epage>5109</epage><pages>5101-5109</pages><issn>0021-8561</issn><eissn>1520-5118</eissn><abstract>Ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe based analytical methodologies to quantitate both free (alternariol (1), alternariol monomethyl ether (2), tenuazonic acid (3), tentoxin (4), altenuene (5), altertoxin-I (6)) and conjugated (sulfates and glucosides of 1 and 2) Alternaria toxins in fruit and vegetable juices and tomato products were developed and validated. Acceptable limits of quantitation (0.7–5.7 μg/kg), repeatability (RSDr < 15.7%), reproducibility (RSDR < 17.9%), and apparent recovery (87.0–110.6%) were obtained for all analytes in all matrices investigated. 129 commercial foodstuffs were analyzed, and 3 was detected in 100% of tomato product samples (<LOQ to 333 μg/kg), while 1, 2, 4, and 5 were also frequently detected (21–86%, <LOQ to 62 μg/kg). Moreover, low levels (<LOQ to 9.9 μg/kg) of modified Alternaria toxins (sulfates of 1 and 2) were repeatedly detected. A deterministic dietary exposure assessment revealed the possible risk for human health related to the presence of 1 and 2 in tomato based foodstuffs, whereas 3 is unlikely to be of human health concern.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>27180605</pmid><doi>10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01029</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alternaria - chemistry Alternaria - metabolism Belgium Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods Food Contamination - analysis Food Contamination - economics Fruit and Vegetable Juices - analysis Fruit and Vegetable Juices - economics Fruit and Vegetable Juices - microbiology Mycotoxins - chemistry Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods |
title | Validated UPLC-MS/MS Methods To Quantitate Free and Conjugated Alternaria Toxins in Commercially Available Tomato Products and Fruit and Vegetable Juices in Belgium |
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