Alginate gelation-induced cell death during laser-assisted cell printing

Modified laser-induced forward transfer has emerged as a promising bioprinting technique. Depending on the operating conditions and cell properties, laser cell printing may cause cell injury and even death, which should be carefully elucidated for it to be a viable technology. This study has investi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biofabrication 2014-09, Vol.6 (3), p.035022-035022
Main Authors: Gudapati, Hemanth, Yan, Jingyuan, Huang, Yong, Chrisey, Douglas B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3T3 Cells
Alginates
Alginates - adverse effects
Alginates - chemistry
Animals
Bioprinting - instrumentation
Calcium Chloride - adverse effects
Calcium Chloride - chemistry
Cell Death - radiation effects
cell injury
cell viability
Cushions
Droplets
Fibroblasts - cytology
Fluence
Forming
Gelation
Glucuronic Acid - adverse effects
Glucuronic Acid - chemistry
Hexuronic Acids - adverse effects
Hexuronic Acids - chemistry
laser printing
Lasers
Lasers - adverse effects
Mice
Microspheres
Tissue Engineering - instrumentation
Viability
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Summary:Modified laser-induced forward transfer has emerged as a promising bioprinting technique. Depending on the operating conditions and cell properties, laser cell printing may cause cell injury and even death, which should be carefully elucidated for it to be a viable technology. This study has investigated the effects of alginate gelation, gelation time, alginate concentration, and laser fluence on the post-transfer cell viability of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Sodium alginate and calcium chloride are used as the gel precursor and gel reactant solution to form cell-laden alginate microspheres. It is found that the effects of gelation depend on the duration of gelation. Two-minute gelation is observed to increase the cell viability after 24 h incubation, mainly due to the protective cushion effect of the forming gel membrane during droplet landing. Despite the cushion effect from 10 min gelation, it is observed that the cell viability decreases after 24 h incubation because of the forming thick gel membrane that reduces nutrient and oxygen diffusion from the culture medium. In addition, the cell viability after 24 h incubation decreases as the laser fluence or alginate concentration increases.
ISSN:1758-5082
1758-5090
DOI:10.1088/1758-5082/6/3/035022