Potential misinterpretation of the nutritional value of dietary fiber: correcting fiber digestibility values for nondietary gut-interfering material

• Published in: Nutrition reviews 2016-08, Vol.74 (8), p.517-533
• Main Authors: Montoya, Carlos A., Henare, Sharon J., Rutherfurd, Shane M., Moughan, Paul J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal Feed; Animals; Diet; Dietary Fiber - analysis; Dietary Fiber - metabolism; Digestion; False Negative Reactions; Feces - chemistry; Fermentation; Gastrointestinal Tract - chemistry; Humans; Ileum - chemistry; Nutritive Value
• ISSN: 0029-6643; 1753-4887
• DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw014

The aim of this review is to identify the origin and implications of a nondietary material present in digesta and feces that interferes with the determination of dietary fiber in gastrointestinal contents. Negative values for ileal and fecal digestibility of dietary fiber are commonly reported in the literature for monogastric animal species, including humans. As negative values are not possible physiologically, this suggests the existence of a nondietary material in the gastrointestinal contents and feces that interferes with the accurate determination of dietary fiber digestibility when conventional methods of fiber determination are applied. To date, little attention has been given to this nondietary interfering material, which appears to be influenced by the type and concentration of fiber in the diet. Interestingly, estimates of dietary fiber digestibility increase substantially when corrected for the nondietary interfering material, which suggests that currently reported values underestimate the digestibility of dietary fiber and may misrepresent where, in the digestive tract, fermentation of fiber occurs. A new perspective of dietary fiber digestion in the gastrointestinal tract is developing, leading to a better understanding of the contribution of dietary fiber to health.