Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia: An update

Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, progressing from simple steatosis to necroinflammation and fibrosis (leading to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH), and in some cases to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Inflammation, oxidative stress and...

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Published in:Metabolism, clinical and experimental clinical and experimental, 2016-08, Vol.65 (8), p.1109-1123
Main Authors: Katsiki, Niki, Mikhailidis, Dimitri P, Mantzoros, Christos S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antidiabetic drugs
Disease Progression
Dyslipidemia
Dyslipidemias - complications
Dyslipidemias - metabolism
Dyslipidemias - pathology
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ezetimibe
Humans
Insulin Resistance - physiology
Liver - metabolism
Liver - pathology
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - etiology
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - metabolism
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology
Oxidative Stress - physiology
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Summary:Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, progressing from simple steatosis to necroinflammation and fibrosis (leading to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH), and in some cases to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance are involved in NAFLD development and progression. NAFLD has been associated with several cardiovascular (CV) risk factors including obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension and smoking. NAFLD is also characterized by atherogenic dyslipidemia, postprandial lipemia and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) dysfunction. Most importantly, NAFLD patients have an increased risk for both liver and CV disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. In this narrative review, the associations between NAFLD, dyslipidemia and vascular disease in NAFLD patients are discussed. NAFLD treatment is also reviewed with a focus on lipid-lowering drugs. Finally, future perspectives in terms of both NAFLD diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets are considered.
ISSN:0026-0495
1532-8600
DOI:10.1016/j.metabol.2016.05.003