USING THE PARENT–INFANT RELATIONSHIP GLOBAL ASSESSMENT SCALE TO IDENTIFY CAREGIVER–INFANT/TODDLER DYADS WITH ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIP PATTERNS IN SIX EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

• Published in: Infant mental health journal 2016-07, Vol.37 (4), p.335-355
• Main Authors: Hatzinikolaou, Kornilia, Karveli, Vassiliki, Skoubourdi, Aggeliki, Zarokosta, Foteini, Antonucci, Gianluca, Visci, Giovanni, Calheiros, Maria Manuela, MagalhÃes, Eunice, Essau, Cecilia, Allan, Sharon, Pithia, Jayshree, Walji, Fahreen, Ezpeleta, Lourdes, Perez‐Robles, Ruth, Fanti, Kostas A., Katsimicha, Evita, Hadjicharambous, Maria‐Zoe, Nikolaidis, George, Reddy, Vasudevi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: abuso y negligencia de infantes y niños pequeños; Adolescent; Adult; Beziehungsklassifikation; Caregivers; Child Abuse - classification; Child Abuse - diagnosis; Child, Preschool; clasificación de la relación; classification de la relation; DC : 0‐3R; Europe; Female; Humans; Income; Infant; infant and toddler abuse and neglect; Male; maltraitance et négligence des bébés et des petits enfants; Middle Aged; Missbrauch und Vernachlässigung bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern; Parent-Child Relations; Pilot Projects; PIR‐GAS; relationship classification; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; 乳幼児の虐待とネグレクト; 嬰兒幼兒虐待和忽視; 関係性分類; 關係分類
• ISSN: 0163-9641; 1097-0355
• DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21577

ABSTRACT The study examined whether the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood, Revised Edition (DC: 0–3R; ZERO TO THREE, 2005) Parent–Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR‐GAS) is applicable to six European countries and contributes to the identification of caregiver–infant/toddler dyads with abusive relationship patterns. The sample consisted of 115 dyads with children's ages ranging from 1 to 47 months. Sixty‐four dyads were recruited from community settings without known violence problems, and 51 dyads were recruited from clinical settings and already had been identified with violence problems or as being at risk for violence problems. To classify the dyads on the PIR‐GAS categories, caregiver–child interactions were video‐recorded and coded with observational scales appropriate for child age. To test whether the PIR‐GAS allows for reliable identification of dyads with abusive relationship patterns, PIR‐GAS ratings were compared with scores on the the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect's (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool‐Parental Version (ICAST‐P; D.K. Runyan et al., ), a questionnaire measuring abusive parental disciplinary practices. It was found that PIR‐GAS ratings differentiated between the general and the clinical sample, and the dyads with abusive patterns of relationship were identified by both the PIR‐GAS and the ICAST‐P. Interrater reliability for the PIR‐GAS ranged from moderate to excellent. The value of a broader use of tools such as the DC: 0–3R to promote early identification of families at risk for infant and toddler abuse and neglect is discussed. RESUMEN Este estudio examinó si la Escala de Evaluación Global de la Relación Progenitor‐Infante DC: 0–3R's (PIR‐GAS) es aplicable a seis países europeos y contribuye a la identificación de díadas de cuidador‐infante/niño pequeño con patrones de abusos en la relación. El grupo muestra estuvo compuesto de 115 díadas con niños de edades entre 1 y 47 meses. Sesenta y cuatro de las díadas fueron reclutadas de comunidades sin conocidos problemas de violencia, y 51 díadas fueron reclutadas de lugares clínicos y ya habían sido identificadas con problemas de violencia o bajo riesgo de problemas de violencia. Para clasificar las díadas en las categorías de PIR‐GAS, se grabaron en video interacciones entre cuidador y niño y se codificaron con escalas de observación apropiadas para la edad del ni