Fumigation toxicity of volatile natural and synthetic cyanohydrins to stored-product pests and activity as soil fumigants

• Published in: Pest management science 2004-08, Vol.60 (8), p.833-838
• Main Authors: Park, D.S, Peterson, C, Zhao, S, Coats, J.R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Allyl Compounds - toxicity; Animals; antibacterial properties; antifungal properties; Bacteria; Bacteria - drug effects; bioassays; Biological and medical sciences; chemical structure; chloropicrin; Coleoptera - drug effects; Control; Curculionidae; cyanogenic glycosides; cyanohydrin; dichloropropene; dichlorvos; Dichlorvos - toxicity; fumigants; fumigation; Fumigation - methods; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fungi; Fungi - drug effects; Germination - drug effects; Houseflies - drug effects; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - toxicity; inhibitors; insect control; Insect Control - methods; insect pests; Insecta - drug effects; insecticide; Insecticides; Insecticides - chemistry; Insecticides - toxicity; Insects; Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control; methyl bromide; Molecular Structure; mortality; Musca domestica; natural toxicants; Nitriles - chemistry; Nitriles - toxicity; Oryzaephilus surinamensis; Pest control; Pests of stored products; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; plant extracts; Protozoa. Invertebrates; Rhyzopertha dominica; secondary metabolites; seed germination; Seeds - drug effects; Seeds - growth & development; Sitophilus zeamais; Soil - analysis; soil bacteria; soil fumigation; soil fungi; Soil Microbiology; Soils; storage insects; stored product pests; Toxicity; Tribolium castaneum; volatile compounds; weed control; Weeds
• ISSN: 1526-498X; 1526-4998
• DOI: 10.1002/ps.807

Insecticidal fumigation toxicity of natural and synthetic cyanohydrins was evaluated with four stored-product pests: the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst, the saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis L, the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch) and the house fly, Musca domestica L. The fumigation LC50 values were calculated by probit analysis. For house flies, all but one of the cyanohydrins tested were more potent than 1,3-dichloropropene (Telone). Three were as efficacious as chloropicrin. For the lesser grain borer, all cyanohydrins tested were more insecticidal than dichloropropene, and all but one were more potent than chloropicrin. Four were as insecticidal as dichlorvos. The acetate of 1-cyano-1-hydroxy-2-propene (CHP-ace) was also tested in soil for antifungal and antibacterial activity, and inhibition of weed seed germination. CHP-ace reduced the total soil bacterial and fungal counts significantly, and was effective in inhibiting the germination of weed seeds in soil, indicating a broad spectrum of activity as a soil fumigant.