Soil as an archive of coal-fired power plant mercury deposition

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials 2016-05, Vol.308, p.131-138
• Main Authors: Rodríguez Martín, José Antonio, Nanos, Nikos
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Coal fired powerplants; Coal-fired power plant; Deposition; Electric power generation; Enrichment; Geostatistic; Heavy metal; Mercury (metal); Mercury deposition; Pollution sources; Sampling; Soil (material); Soil mercury-enriched
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.026

[Display omitted] •The first assessment of soil Hg was provided on the entire Spanish.•Soil Hg variability was modeled around seven Spanish coal-fired power plants.•High Hg content was found close to coal-fired power plants in Spain.•Spatial patterns of Hg was associated to atmospheric deposition at local scale.•The most emitted mercury is deposited at less than 15km from the power plants. Mercury pollution is a global environmental problem that has serious implications for human health. One of the most important sources of anthropogenic mercury emissions are coal-burning power plants. Hg accumulations in soil are associated with their atmospheric deposition. Our study provides the first assessment of soil Hg on the entire Spanish surface obtained from one sampling protocol. Hg spatial distribution was analysed with topsoil samples taken from 4000 locations in a regular sampling grid. The other aim was to use geostatistical techniques to verify the extent of soil contamination by Hg and to evaluate presumed Hg enrichment near the seven Spanish power plants with installed capacity above 1000MW. The Hg concentration in Spanish soil fell within the range of 1–7564μgkg−1 (mean 67.2) and 50% of the samples had a concentration below 37μgkg−1. Evidence for human activity was found near all the coal-fired power plants, which reflects that metals have accumulated in the basin over many years. Values over 1000μgkg−1 have been found in soils in the vicinity of the Aboño, Soto de Ribera and Castellon power plants. However, soil Hg enrichment was detectable only close to the emission source, within an approximate range of only 15km from the power plants. We associated this effect with airborne emissions and subsequent depositions as the potential distance through fly ash deposition. Hg associated with particles of ash tends to be deposited near coal combustion sources.